Unit 1 Exam-Lecture Flashcards
Golgi Apperatus
> Modifies and packages new lipids and proteins.
Has vesicles that carry new products through the plasma membrane to be secreted.
Plasma Membrane
> Allows transport inside and outside of the cell.
Has surface receptors that respond to hormones.
Nucleus
Contains DNA
Smooth ER
Lipid Synthesis
Mitochondria
Releases energy from respiration
Ribosome
Protein synthesis
Lysosome
Digests cell parts
Chloroplasts
Absorbs light to carry out photosynthesis to make glucose
Rough ER
Processes and folds the proteins and provides a surface for protein synthesis to take place
Diffusion
Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. No energy required.
Active Transport
> Transport that requires energy
Able to transport against concentration gradients
Primary Active Transport
Direct use of energy to transport against concentration gradient
Secondary Active Transport
Uses a pre-existing gradient to drive active transport.
Uniporter
A single solute moves in one direction
Symporter
Two solutes move in the same direction
Antiporter
Two solutes move in opposite directions
Factors affecting cell membrane fluidity
Length of fatty tails
Degree of saturation
Amount of sterol
Movement of cell membrane proteins
Rotate
Move laterally
Cannot flip!
Facilitated Diffusion
Movement down a gradient with aid of transport protein
