Bacterial Genetics

Question 1

Vertical gene transfer

Answer 1

Transmission of genetic information from generation to generation

Question 2

Plasmids

Answer 2

Circular, double stranded DNA that provide advantages (antibiotic resistance)

Question 3

Binary Fission

Answer 3

Prokaryotic cell division process (a form of vertical gene transfer)

Question 4

Septum

Answer 4

Structure formed in bacterial cell that separates the cell into 2 daughter cells

Question 5

Horizontal Gene transfer

Answer 5

Transmission of genetic information from one organism to another w/in the same generation

Question 6

Conjugation

Answer 6

Direct physical interaction transfers genetic material from donor to recipient cell

Question 7

Transformation

Answer 7

DNA released into the environment is taken up by another bacteria

Question 8

Transduction

Answer 8

A bacteriophage infects a bacterial cell and transfers genetic information from the bacteria to another.

Question 9

Lytic Cycle

Answer 9

Phage reproduction (viral DNA and Coat protein)
Kills host bacterial cell

Question 10

Lysogenic Cycle

Answer 10

Phage DNA integrates into bacterial chromosome
Bacterial cell survives
No viral particles produced

Question 11

Lytic cycle stages

Answer 11

Attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, lysis

Question 12

Attachment stage

Answer 12

Phage attaches to the surfaces of host

Question 13

Penetration stage

Answer 13

Viral DNA replicates and phage proteins are made

Question 14

Maturation stage

Answer 14

New phage particles are assembled

Question 15

Lysis stage

Answer 15

The cell lyses releasing the newly made phages.

Question 16

FtsZ Proteins

Answer 16

Assemble into septum ring that pinches bacterial cell into two.