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Systemic Pathology 2 > Unit 1- Esophagus and Stomachs > Flashcards

Unit 1- Esophagus and Stomachs Flashcards

1
Q

Persistent Right Aortic Arch

A

Aorta on right causes esophagus to be trapped by ligamentum arteriosum, congenital megasophagus cranial to ligament

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2
Q

Acquired Megasophagus

A

Most common in dogs, idiopathic or due to myasthenia gravis

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3
Q

Choke

A

Area of necrosis after a foreign body is removed from the esophagus

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4
Q

Reflux Esophagitis

A

Erosive lesion common in horse

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5
Q

BVD

A

Erosive-ulcerative esophagitis in cattle

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6
Q

Spirocerca lupi

A

Parasitic esophagitis in dogs, chronic esophagitis can lead to sarcomatous lesion, tumors can cause Marie’s disease

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7
Q

Ruminal Tympany

A

Bloat, distention of rumen by fermentative gases

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8
Q

Primary Ruminal Tympany

A

Associated with new diets that promote stable foam formation, clovers can cause froth

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9
Q

Secondary Ruminal Tympany

A

Caused by obstruction of esophagus and failure to eructate

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10
Q

Bloat Cause of Death

A

Enlarged rumen can compress lungs and heart, death must be recent to rule out postmortem bacterial proliferation

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11
Q

Bloat Line

A

Venous blood will be pushed to neck and head, area of discoloration at thoracic inlet indicates pre-mortem bloat

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12
Q

Trichobezoars

A

Hairballs in cattle, dogs, and cats, generally incidental

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13
Q

Phyotrichobezoars

A

Plant material and phosphate salts in horse stomachs

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14
Q

Hardware Disease

A

Traumatic reticulitis, can perforate pericardial sac and lead to pericarditis

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15
Q

Chemical Rumenitits

A

Lactic acidosis or grain overload, causes focal ulceration

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16
Q

Grain Overload Bacteremia

A

Bacteria enter portal vein circulation and lead to liver abscess and vena cava thombosis

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17
Q

Ruminectomy

A

Replace acidic ruminal contents with fresh ruminal contents from slaughterhouse

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18
Q

Mycotic Rumenitis

A

Proliferation of bacteria and fungi, fungi cause vasculitis and ischemic damage

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19
Q

Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus

A

Large deep chested dogs and sows, torsion of stomach along gastrosplenic ligament, may involve spleen

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20
Q

Sow GDV

A

After excessive food and water intake and competititve group physical activity

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21
Q

GDV Complications

A

Venous infarction of stomach and spleen, septic shock, intraluminal hemorrhage

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22
Q

Normal Abomasal Location

A

Left side and ventral

23
Q

Occurrence of Abomasal Displacement

A

Post partum dairy cows and calves

24
Q

Left Sided Abomasal Displacement

A

Most common and generally non fatal, only partially obstructing abomasal flow

25
Q

Right Sided Abomasal Displacement

A

Rare displacements, can result in abomasal volvulus

26
Q

Gastropexy

A

Attaches abomasum to rumen

27
Q

Progression of Abomasal Displacement

A

Abdominal pain, tachycardia, anorexia, dehydration, lack of feces, abomasal tympany

28
Q

Gastric Rupture

A

Common in horse, cannot vomit due to strong cardiac sphincter, impaction leads to dilatation and rupture

29
Q

Ileus

A

Intestinal Obstruction

30
Q

Adynamic Ileus

A

Inhibition of bowel mobility, usually caused by peritonitis

31
Q

Gastric Impaction Signs

A

Colic progressing to peritonitis and death

32
Q

Causes of Gastric Impaction

A

Consumption of fermentable carbs or grain, swelling after water and grain, accumulation in intestine, diaphragmatic hernia, persimmons swelling

33
Q

Gastric Ulceration

A

Pigs fed finely ground rations or wheat increasing HCl acid production

34
Q

Pig Ulcer Location

A

Esophageal portion of stomach

35
Q

Stomach Ulcer SIgns

A

Melena, poor growth, paleness

36
Q

White Pig

A

Landrass, shows paleness

37
Q

Horse Ulcers

A

Usually incidental, associated with reflux esophagitis or NSAIDs, located in cardiac portion near Margo Plicatus

38
Q

NSAID Ulcer Pathogenesis

A

Lower production of prostaglandins with a protective role

39
Q

Cat Gastric Ulcer

A

Mostly idiopathic

40
Q

Dog Gastric Ulcer

A

Can be related to MCT, histamine binds parietal cells and increases HCl secretion

41
Q

Ulcer Perforation

A

Can perforate stomach or intestines and lead to peritonitis

42
Q

Pig Salmonella

A

SEPEC Salmonella typhimurium leads to gastric venous infarction and inflammation

43
Q

Uremic Gastropathy

A

Renal failure leads to vasculitis and mineralization from altered Ca/P metabolism

44
Q

Braxy

A

Clostridium septicum, winter disease causing endotoxemia in lamb and calf, hemorrhage and edematous gastritis and abomasitis

45
Q

Mycotic Abomasitis

A

Long term ABX use destroys normal microflora, angio invasive fungi grow, can appear like cancer

46
Q

Angioinvasive Fungi

A

Attracted to blood vessels

47
Q

Gasterophilus nasalis

A

Botflies in pylorus and duodenum of horse, usually incidental

48
Q

Gasterophilus intestinalis

A

Botflies in cardia of horse, usually incidental

49
Q

Ostertagiasis

A

Proliferative abomasitis giving moroccan leather appearance

50
Q

Draschia megastoma

A

Nematodes with brood pouches near margo plicatus, granulomatous

51
Q

Bottle Jaw

A

Haemonchus contortus/barber pole worm feeds on blood in sheep stomach, edema of jaw due to hypoproteinemia

52
Q

Common Tumor in Horse

A

Gastric squamous cell carcinoma in cardiac portion of stomach, ulcerative and proliferative

53
Q

Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

A

Spread of gastric squamous cell carcinoma to peritoneal cavity in horse

Systemic Pathology 2 (3 decks)

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