UNIT 1:CVD, Clotting And Blood Pressure

Question 0

What happens in atherosclerosis?

Answer 0

1. The endothelium wall gets damaged
2. INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE occurs-WHITE BLOOD CELLS move to the artery wall which accumulates cholesterol.
3. ATHEROMA-building up of deposit
4. CALCIUM salts build up at the site resulting in formation of PLAQUE.
5. This carries on.

Question 1

What does thromboplastin do ?

Answer 1

Turns prothrombin to thrombin

Thrombin turns fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 2

The consequences of atherosclerosis

Answer 2

Coronary heart disease -ANGINA(chest pain) due to ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
Stroke

Question 3

Another word for high blood pressire

Answer 3

Hypertension

Question 4

Systolic pressure

Answer 4

The highest blood pressure during the cardiac cycle in the artery when ventricles have contracted

Question 5

Diastolic pressure

Answer 5

Lowest pressure in the artery when the ventricles are relaxed.

Question 6

Risk factors of CVD

Answer 6

High blood pressure
Obesity
Genetic 
Gender
Age
Healthy diet 
Smoking
Alcohol

Question 7

Body mass index (BMI)

Answer 7

Body mass in kg/(height in m2)

Question 8

Treatment if CVD

Answer 8

Antihypertensives
Statins anticoagulants
Platelet inhibitors

Question 9

Diuretics

Answer 9

Lowers blood pressure

May cause nausea, muscle cramps and dizziness

Question 10

ACE inhibitors

Answer 10

Blocks the production of angiotensin Arterial constriction and a rise in blood pressure

Cough, dizziness

Question 11

Beta blockers

Answer 11

Blocks response of heart to hormones and make contractions less frequent and powerful

Diabetes

Question 12

Statins

Answer 12

Lower cholesterol level by blocking the liver enzymes that makes cholesterol

Muscle aches, nausea, constipation and diarrhoea

Question 13

Anticoagulants

Answer 13

Reduce risk of clot formation

Uncontrolled bleeding

Question 14

Platelet inhibitory drugs

Answer 14

Make platelets less sticky

Stomach bleeding