Unit 1: Colonization Flashcards
1
Q
Columbus and the Arawaks
A
- CC= explorer who came to the Americas (in search of Asia)
- Goals: fame, promise, money(10%), gold
- Arawaks=Native Caribbean tribe; hospitable and generous
- CC enslaved Arawaks to find gold
- Created precedent for fellow Euros enslaving, kinapping, murdering the natives
- 1650: All Arawaks dead
2
Q
Bartolome de las Casas
A
- CC colonization era
- A Spanish priest
- Documented Columbus’s actions toward the natives.
- Biggest source of historical info
- Not 100% accurate b/c severely biased against Europe
- Fun Facts:
- He kept two copies of Columbus journal
- The biggest source of information that historians have, not 100% trustable because may be severely biased against Europeans
3
Q
Encomiendas
A
- Conquistadors given land + slaves
- Led to Spanish Model for Colonization:
1. Direct, centralized control (connected to the crown)
2. Men, not families (conquistadors)
3. Exploit the natives or extract wealth
4
Q
Conquistadors
A
- Part of Encomienda system and came after CC
- men without families looking for marriage, adventure, money, and Spanish glory
4
Q
The Columbian Exchange
A
- After spanish est. in SA
- -> increased Euro pop(food) and decreased native pop(disease)
- led to spread of colonization and labor need
- The way ideas, crops, diseases, animals, commodities, etc spread around the world
5
Q
Roanoke
A
- First UK colony
- Dissapeared after supply run
- Kept UK away from NA colonization for 20 years
6
Q
Thomas Harriot
A
- Was a VA Colonist
- Argued for end of Native violence
*“Brief & True Report,” = Made the argument that England could not give up on N.A because:
1. * There were lots of valuable resources and commodities
2. * Possibility of large profits
3. * The natives can be dealt with
7
Q
Jamestown
A
- 1st English NA colony(VA company est)
- -> Initially failed because of bad relations and many differences with natives
1. * Gender Roles
1. * Land Ownership
1. * Different Ways
1. * Government systems
1. * No respect for each other - Succeeded with successful tobacco industry
8
Q
The Chesapeake
A
- First colonized region by UK
- Tobacco, no food diversity, Slavery
- first colonial government= House of Burgesses
9
Q
Virginia Company
A
- Created Jamestown and Virginia
- = Joint Stock Company: Investors give money to company for land/stock
- Colonies based on business
10
Q
The Middle Passage
A
- Ocean Journey
- 100,000s of kidnapped Af. Am. sold to slavery
- Backbone of transatlantic slave trade
11
Q
King Philip’s War
A
- During period of increasing UK-Na. Am. relations
- Increasing conflict because losing identities
- Major devs:
1. * Escalating conflicts with Na. Am. & other powers - Expansion of colonies
- Increase in NE colonies
- Events in UK ⇒ colonial expansion
- Increase in Slavery
- Changes in colonies relations with UK
- Events in UK ⇒ colonial expansion
12
Q
Anne Hutchinson
A
- Nurse in New England
- Questioned Church Supremacy
- Excommunicated, exiled, and moved to Rhode Island
13
Q
Massachusetts Bay Company
A
- Aft colonies est in NE + aft VA company
- Joint Stock Co w/ charters from Crown
- Created first American style of gvt.: Benefits All
- Almost wiped out b/c of Na. Am.
14
Q
John Winthrop
A
- Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony
- Wrote “Model of a Christian Charity”: Christians generous
1. “City on a Hill”–> Greatest city and example for rest of colonies
1. Religious view of colonization - Wanted covenant((Deeply held agreement/pact/relationship)) with God
