Unit 1: Chemistry of Life

Question 1

disaccharide

Answer 1

a double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesi

Question 2

monosaccharide

Answer 2

a single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar

Question 3

polysaccharide

Answer 3

made up of more than two monosaccharides

Question 4

glycosidic linkage

Answer 4

a covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction

Question 5

starch

Answer 5

a storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose

Question 6

cellulose

Answer 6

a substance (made of sugars) that is common in the cell walls of many organisms (plant cells)

Question 7

unsaturated fat

Answer 7

a lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms

Question 8

saturated fat

Answer 8

a lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms

Question 9

steroid

Answer 9

molecule with four fused carbon rings

Question 10

phospholipid

Answer 10

contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes

Question 11

nucleotide

Answer 11

monomer of nucleic acids
made up of
* 5-carbon sugar
* phosphate group
* nitrogenous base

Question 12

triglyceride

Answer 12

made of three fatty acid molecules & one glycerol molecule

Question 13

primary structure of a protein

Answer 13

sequence of amino acids

Question 14

secondary structure of a protein

Answer 14

formed by the folding and twisting of the amino acid chain