Cellular Respiration Flashcards
cellular respiration
the process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds
photosynthesis
the process in which autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy
which types of organisms undergo cellular respiration
both autotrophs and heterotrophs
all organisms
what happens when organic compounds are broken down into simpler compounds
energy is released
what is the energy released by the organic compound mostly used to do
produce ATP
the products of cellular respiration
there are THREE
CO2, water, and ATP
two stages of cellular respiration
glycolysis and aerobic respiration
glycolysis
a biochemical pathway in which one six-carbon molecule of glucose is oxidized to produce two three-carbon molecules of pyruvic acid
how photosynthesis and cellular respiration depend on each other
the products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration, and the reactants of photosynthesis are the products of cellular respiration
anaerobic
does not require the presence of oxygen
aerobic respiration
pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make lots of ATP
what pyruvic acid undergoes with no oxygen present
fermentation
fermentation
the breakdown of pyruvic acid by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen
type of reaction in cellular respiration
redox
redox reaction
one reactant loses electrons and another gains electrons
cellular respiration equation
C6H12O6+6O2—> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP
where the reactions of glycolysis take place
cytosol
step one glycolysis
two phosphate groups are attached to one molecule of glucose, ATP converted to ADP
step two glycolysis
6-carbon molecule split into two 3-carbon molecules of G3P
step three glycolysis
PGAL molecules lose electrons and receive another phosphate group, two molecules of NAD+ converted into NADH
step four glycolysis
all phosphate groups are removed from the molecule to make two molecules of pyruvic acid, the four released phosphates convert four ADP to four ATP
net yield of ATP in glycolysis
2 ATP