Unit 1: Chapter 1

Question 1

Define biology

Answer 1

The study of life.

Question 2

What are the 5 fundamental characteristics of life?

Answer 2

1. Energy
2. Cells
3. Information
4. Ability to Replicate
5. Evolution

Question 3

Define evolution

Answer 3

Change in population over time (many generations)

Question 4

Define taxonomy

Answer 4

The effort to name and classify organisms.

Question 5

Define artificial selection

Answer 5

The selective pressure applied is human choice

Question 6

Define Phylogenetic tree

Answer 6

A tree that organizes species into their evolutionary relationship with the other.

Question 7

Define heritable variation

Answer 7

Being able to pass on your genes but being able to give off many traits.

Question 8

When drawing a phylogenetic tree, what do the nodes on the tree represent?

Answer 8

To identify the common evolutionary relationships of the organisms.

Question 9

Define prediction

Answer 9

Expected outcome that can be shown correct or incorrect

Question 10

Define population

Answer 10

A group of individuals that are the same species that live in that same area at the same time.

Question 11

Define phylogeny

Answer 11

The effort to identify the actual evolutionary relationship of organisms.

Question 12

Define energy

Answer 12

The ability to utilize reproduction and acquire photo or chemical.

Question 13

Define falsifiability

Answer 13

Ideas that have to potential to be shown to be incorrect.

Question 14

Define fitness

Answer 14

Ability to survive and produce viable offspring

Question 15

Define natural selection

Answer 15

“survival of the fittest” acts on individuals in a certain population.

Question 16

Define null hypothesis

Answer 16

A hypothesis that believe that experiment will not work.

Question 17

Define experimental treatment

Answer 17

Something that has been altered in a treatment to show change.

Question 18

Define cell

Answer 18

Smallest unit of life

Question 19

Define control

Answer 19

Has not been altered and stays the same in an experiment. It is identical to the other group just isn’t subject to the experimental treatment.

Question 20

Define species

Answer 20

Could be humans or animals or plants. It is certain group of the same individuals.

Question 21

Define adaptation

Answer 21

To evolve in a certain environment.

Question 22

Define Cell theory

Answer 22

The theory that all organisms are made of cells and all cells arise from preexisting cells.

Question 23

Define alternative hypothesis

Answer 23

A hypothesis that believe there will be a positive change in an experiment.

Question 24

Define fact

Answer 24

An observation that has been repeatedly confirmed. NOT PROVEN

Question 25

Define theory

Answer 25

Requires the most evidence
Is supported by a large body of evidence with extensive testing
Can serve as framework for a new hypothesis.

Question 26

List the steps of scientific method

Answer 26

1. Recognize problem and unanswered questions
2. Develop hypothesis
3. Design and perform experiment
4. Test
5. Analyze and interpret data
6. Interference
7. Share new knowledge

Question 27

Which groups adapt, individuals or populations?

Answer 27

populations

Question 28

What is the working definition of cells?

Answer 28

A bag of water, that has genetic information, chemicals, and enzymes.

Question 29

Define information

Answer 29

Hereditary information DNA to genes
what we have to pass on
ability to process and respond to stimulus (environment)

Question 30

Define ability to replicate

Answer 30

Transfer hereditary information to the next generation.

Question 31

What are the two important components of a theory?

Answer 31

Patterns and Process