UNIT 1: Cellular Anatomy Flashcards
What is the function of the Nucleus?
Cellular organelle containing genetic material.
The nucleus is often referred to as the control center of the cell.
What are Mitochondria responsible for?
Energy production.
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
What is the role of Cilia?
Hair-like structures for movement on cell surfaces.
Cilia can help move substances across the cell surface.
What do Ribosomes do?
Involved in protein synthesis.
Ribosomes can be found free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
What are Microvilli?
Small, finger-like projections on cell surfaces.
Microvilli increase the surface area for absorption.
What is the Cytoskeleton?
Internal network providing cell structure and support.
The cytoskeleton is composed of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
What is the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum involved in?
Lipid synthesis.
It also plays a role in detoxification and calcium ion storage.
What does the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum do?
Involved in protein synthesis.
The rough ER is studded with ribosomes, giving it a ‘rough’ appearance.
What is the Plasma Membrane?
Outer boundary of a cell; selectively permeable.
The plasma membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
Involved in processing and packaging proteins.
The Golgi apparatus modifies proteins received from the rough ER before sending them to their destination.
What are Centrioles involved in?
Cell division.
Centrioles help organize the microtubules during mitosis.
What do Lysosomes contain?
Enzymes for digestion.
Lysosomes are known as the cell’s waste disposal system.
