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SHS Science 8 (SK) > Unit 1: Cells, Tissues, And Organ Systems > Flashcards

Unit 1: Cells, Tissues, And Organ Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Cell

A

The basic unit of structure and function for all living organisms (Pg. 1)

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2
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to areas of lower concentration (Pg. 33)

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3
Q

Multicellular

A

Having or being made up of two or more cells; most plants and animals are examples (Pg. 13)

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4
Q

Organ

A

Group of different types of tissues that work together to form a function (Pg. 3)

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5
Q

Organelle

A

In cells that have a nucleus, small structures that work within a cell preforming specific functions for the cell (Pg. 13)

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6
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of water particles through a selectively permeable membrane from a area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration (Pg. 34)

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7
Q

Selectively Permeable

A

Allowing certain substances, but not others, to pass through; cell membranes are an example (Pg. 33)

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8
Q

Organ System

A

Group of organs that work together to perform a function (Pg. 45)

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9
Q

Tissue

A

Group of the same type of cells that work together to perform a specific function (Pg. 3)

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10
Q

Unicellular

A

Having or being made up of only one single cell; most microscopic organisms are examples (Pg. 13)

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11
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The liquid-like substance contained in the cell (Pg. 13)

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12
Q

Specialized Cells

A

Cells in different parts of the body having special features that enable them to perform specific functions (Pg. 39)

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13
Q

Red Blood Cells

A

Cells that can carry oxygen to all the cells of the body (Pg. 39)

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14
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Tissue which supports other tissues and connects different parts of the body; includes blood, fat, bones, cartilage, and tendons (Pg. 39)

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15
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Tissue that covers the surface of the body and the outside of organs; includes skin and the linings of passages inside the body (Pg. 39)

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16
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Tissue that carries messages to and from the brain and other parts of the body; includes brain, spinal cord, and nerves (Pg. 40)

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17
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Tissue that allows the body to move; specialized for contraction (Pg. 40)

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18
Q

Interdependent

A

Depending on one another - here this refers to the concept that the body’s organ systems depend on one another to function (Pg. 43)

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19
Q

Respiratory System

A

A series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide.

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20
Q

Digestive System

A

A group of organs working together to convert food into energy and basic nutrients to feed the entire body.

21
Q

Nervous System

A

A complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to various parts of the body.

22
Q

Excretory System

A

The system of an organism’s body that performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes.

23
Q

Circulatory System

A

Is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body.

24
Q

Heart

A

Fist-sized organ that acts as a hydraulic pump for the circulatory system; pumps blood throughout the body; has a squeezing (contracting) action followed by a relaxing action (Pg. 50)

25
Q

Arteries

A

Tube-like blood vessels that take blood away from the heart, transporting it to to other parts of the body (Pg. 50)

26
Q

Veins

A

In animals: tube-like vessels that transport blood from the organs back to the heart (Pg. 50)

27
Q

Pulse

A

Bulge in an artery caused by the entry of new blood (Pg. 50)

28
Q

Alveoli

A

Tiny air-filled sacs in the lungs surrounded by blood vessels (Pg. 61)

29
Q

Capillaries

A

Thin, hair-like vessels connecting arteries and veins; capillary tissue is only one cell thick (Pg. 62)

30
Q

Stimuli

A

A change in the environment that triggers a reaction or response (Pg. 66)

31
Q

Holistic

A

Worldview suggesting that everything is interconnected (Pg. 7)

32
Q

Reductionist

A

Breaking complex problems down into smaller parts to make it easier to study them (Pg. 7)

33
Q

Turgor Pressure

A

Water pressure against the cell wall inside a plant cell.

34
Q

Centrioles

A

Duplicate prior to mitosis and produce the spindle apparatus during cell division (mitosis).

35
Q

Vacuole

A

Stores nutrients and waste products.

36
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Network of hollow tubes that provides shape, and internal organization.

37
Q

Golgi Apparatus/Body

A

Sorts, modifies, and packages vesicles for delivery to other organelles.

38
Q

Mitochondria

A

Site where cellular respiration happens.

39
Q

Lysosome

A

Site of digestion within the cell.

40
Q

Cytoplasm/Cytosol

A

Semi-fluid material surrounding organelles.

41
Q

Ribosomes

A

Site where proteins are synthesized (made).

42
Q

Nucleus

A

The control centre of the cell containing DNA (genetic information).

43
Q

Chloroplast

A

Site where photosynthesis happens.

44
Q

Cell/Plasma Membrane

A

The semi-fluid boundary that controls what passes in and out of the cell.

45
Q

Cell Wall

A

Provides rigidity to plant cells allowing turgor pressure to develop.

46
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Compartmentalizes the cytoplasm/cytosol. There are two (2) types: one with ribosomes (rough ER) & one without ribosomes (smooth ER).

47
Q

Two Types of Slide Stains

A

Bromothymol Blue

Phenolphthalein

48
Q

What is the function of the microscope part labelled #1?

A

Acts like a magnifying glass.

(Also known as the Ocular)

49
Q

What is the function of the microscope part labelled #2?

A

Connects the eyepiece and the revolving nosepiece.

SHS Science 8 (SK) (5 decks)

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