Unit 1- Bonding

Question 1

what happens to potential energy when two things that are attracted and apart come together?

Answer 1

potential energy lowers

energy is released

Question 2

what happens when things that are repelling and together move apart?

Answer 2

the potential energy lowers

energy is released

Question 3

why is energy released by a system when bonds form?

Answer 3

kinetic energy is released because the electron transfer from the bond releases energy

Question 4

what is ionic bonding?

show Lewis diagram

Answer 4

the attraction between metals and non metals

electrons are transferred from metals to non metals

Li-Cl

Question 5

what is covalent bonding?

Lewis diagram

Answer 5

a force of attraction between non metals and non metals
they share electrons
F-O

Question 6

explain VSEPR theory.

Answer 6

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory

Pairs in the shell of the outermost shell of the central atom of a molecule REPEL each other
the repulsion determines the shape of the molecule

Question 7

name the shapes of the molecules

Answer 7

linear
planar
tetrahedral
trigonal pyramid
bent
linear

Question 8

what are the angles of the molecular shapes?

Answer 8

180
120
109

Question 9

know how to draw the L3D’s

Answer 9

👍🏼

Question 10

what is a pure covalent bond?

non-polar

Answer 10

the electron pairs are shared equally between the two atoms

Question 11

what is a polar covalent bond?

Answer 11

the shared pair of electrons are closer to one atom than the other because of the difference in DEN values

Question 12

know how to draw L3D’s for pure and polar covalent bonds

Answer 12

👍🏼

Question 13

what is potential energy?

Answer 13

stored energy between two things that are attracted or repelling
due to forces acting on an object

Question 14

valence shell

Answer 14

The outermost shell containing electrons

Question 15

valence electrons

Answer 15

the electrons in the outermost shell

Question 16

valence

Answer 16

the number of electrons an element is capable of losing sharing or gaining
aka the charge on an atom when it forms a stable ion

Question 17

molecule

Answer 17

two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

molecules have a neutral charge

Question 18

what do metals become when bonded?

Answer 18

cations (positive)

Question 19

what do non metals become when bonded?

Answer 19

anions (negative)

Question 20

draw an ionic bond (Bohr and Lewis)

Answer 20

y

Question 21

draw a covalent bond (Bohr and Lewis)

Answer 21

y

Question 22

dipole

Answer 22

one side of the molecule is slightly negative and the other is slightly positive

the larger difference in electronegativity the greater the dipole

Question 23

DEN

Answer 23

The difference of electronegativity values

Question 24

What does the DEN have to be to be considered ionic?

Answer 24

greater than 1.7

Question 25

what is the formula for acid rain?

Answer 25

SO2 +H2O +O2 —> H2SO4