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Biology grd.12 > unit 1: biochemistry - enzymes > Flashcards

unit 1: biochemistry - enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

enzyme

A

proteins that act as catalysts, speed up chemical reaction, lowering activation energy

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2
Q

how do enzymes speed up reactions?

A

chemical change: reactant molecule break & rearrange to form new products through endergonic & exergonic reactions which are free energy

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3
Q

endergonic reaction

A

absorbed , photosynthesis

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4
Q

exergonic reaction

A

released , cellular respiration

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5
Q

activation energy

A

min. energy to get chemical reaction started (change with temp / pH)

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6
Q

factors that affect enzyme activity

A
  1. saturation
  2. temperature
  3. pH
  4. cofactors & coenzymes
  5. enzyme inhibition
  6. allosteric regulations
  7. feedback inhibition
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7
Q

saturation

A

speed of enzyme reaction dependent on amount of substrate available to act on

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8
Q

substrate concentration

A

saturation point

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9
Q

enzyme concentration

A

continuously catalyze

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10
Q

temperature

A

enzyme has optimal temp. higher temp, higher rate of reaction

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11
Q

pH

A

enzyme has optimal pH

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12
Q

cofactors

A

non- protein that bind enzymes to catalyze reactions (dissolved ion/metals)

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13
Q

coenzymes

A

enzymes needed to help some enzymes function (vitamins)

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14
Q

enzyme inhibition

A

competitive / non-competive inhibitor

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15
Q

competive inhibitor

A

inibitor binds to active site so substrate is unable to bind

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16
Q

non-competitive inhibitor

A

inhibitor binds somewhere other than active site so substrate is unable to bind

17
Q

allosteric regulations

A

inhibition - cells restrict production
activation - cells inhibit action

18
Q

feedback inhibition

A

type of negative feedback that can be used to control metabolic pathways

19
Q

active site

A

area where substrate can fit

20
Q

catabolic

A

break down complex molecules

21
Q

anabolic

A

creating bigger complex molecules

22
Q

what is the enzyme name for the substrate
lactose
ATP
amylose
protein

A

lactase
ATPase
amylase
pepsin

Biology grd.12 (3 decks)

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