UNIT 1 - Basic Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

Define scalar quantity

A

Scalar quantity only has magnitude

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2
Q

Define vector quantity

A

Vector quantity has both magnitude and direction

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3
Q

Name 8 scalar quantities

A

Distance
Speed
Mass
Energy
Volume
Area
Pressure
Density

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4
Q

Name 6 vector quantities

A

Displacement
Velocity
Force
Acceleration
Momentum
Electric current

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5
Q

How do u resolve vectors?

A

Trigonometry aka soh cah toa

Whichever sides of triangle u got u use to do sohcahtoa, so if u got adjacent and opposite u do toa, tan

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6
Q

How to resolve vectors into components

A

Horizontal is zcos(angle)
Verticle is zsin(angle)

Its just reversing resolving vectors ig

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7
Q

Equation for weight, w?

A

W=mg
Weight = Mass x gravity

(Gravity on earth = 9.81N)

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8
Q

What is equation for density

A

P = m/v

density = mass/volume

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9
Q

Define density

A

Measurement of how tightly a material is packed together, defined as the mass per unit volume. P= m/v

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10
Q

Unit for density

A

Kgm⁻³ or kg/m³

or for smaller units gcm⁻³

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11
Q

Define centre of gravity

A

The single point within a body at which the entire weight of the body may be considered to act

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12
Q

Define centre of mass

A

Point where the total mass of an object can be treated as a single point

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13
Q

What is the condition for the two positions of CoG and CoM to coincide?

A

CoG based on weight, CoM based on mass. So when the gravitational field across an object is uniform, the two are identical.

(Uniform meaning the same across the object i think)

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14
Q

At what point will an object tip over?

A

When the centre of GRAVITY passes the pivot

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15
Q

Define moment of force (about a point..?)

A

The moment of a force about a point is defined as the force x the perpendicular distance from the point to the line of action of the force

i.e (moment = force x distance)

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16
Q

How can u increase size of the moment

A

a) increase size of force

b) increase perpendicular distance between force and pivot

(This refers to the definition and equation m=fxd so common sense)

17
Q

What is equation of moments (include units)

A

Moment(Nm) = force(N) x perpendicular distance from pivot(m)

m = F x D

18
Q

What is the name given to the turning effect of a force

A

Moment (torque)

19
Q

Define principle of moments

A

For a system to be in equilibrium,

the sum of anticlockwise moments about a point = the sum of clockwise moments about the same point

20
Q

When is a body said to be in equilibrium?

A

When theres no resultant force and no net movement

21
Q

Unit for force?

A

Newtons N

(N=kgms⁻²)