Unit 1 - Approaches, Careers, And Important Terms

Question 1

What is the behavioral approach?

Answer 1

• Focuses on how external influences (ex: rewards and punishments) influence our behaviors
• How we learn observable responses

Question 2

What is the social-cultural approach?

Answer 2

• Focuses on how ones race, religion, gender, and social class may influence how they behave or think
• Concept that our behavior is the result of our interaction with others

Question 3

What is the humanistic approach?

Answer 3

• Focuses on how having or not having our basic needs met influences our ability to self-actuality or be the best version of ourselves

Question 4

What is the biological approach?

Answer 4

• Focuses on how our brain anatomy, neurotransmitters, hormones, and genetics influence who we are

Question 5

What is the cognitive approach?

Answer 5

• Focuses on how we process information, solve problems, make decisions, no form memories

Question 6

What is the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 6

• Focuses on how behavior springs from unconscious drives and motives
• Sigmund Freud is considered the “father” of psychoanalysis

Question 7

What are industrial organizational psychologists?

Answer 7

• work with companies to generate how to motivate employees
• focuses on how people work to improve the efficiency of a group

Question 8

What are human factors psychologists?

Answer 8

• Assist product engineers to make products more user friendly
• Studies how humans interacts with technology and the environment

Question 9

What are educational psychologists?

Answer 9

• Interested in studying how people learn best
• How psychological processes affect teaching and learning
• Assist individuals in a school setting

Question 10

What are personality psychologists?

Answer 10

• Studies the impact of a persons personality has on various behavior choices

Question 11

What are psychometric psychologists?

Answer 11

• Responsible for creating, administering, and interpreting tests
• have a strong math background
• works at analyzing data

Question 12

What are counseling psychologists?

Answer 12

• Helps clients deal with daily stressors so they can achieve a greater well being
• Don’t deal with mental disorders
• May advise on matters such as family conflicts and career and work issues

Question 13

What are Research Psychologists?

Answer 13

• Conduct Experiments to further the scientific knowledge surrounding human thought and behavior

Question 14

What are social psychologists?

Answer 14

• Conduct basic research to learn more in general about human or animal social interactions
• Study how our beliefs, feelings and behaviors are influenced or influence others

Question 15

What are psychiatrists?

Answer 15

• Medical doctors who specialize in psychiatric medicine

Question 16

What are clinical psychologists?

Answer 16

• Applied psychologists who work directly with patients suffering with mental illness
• can’t prescribe medications

Question 17

What are cognitive psychologists?

Answer 17

• study how people think and how it affects their behavior
• conduct research in problem solving, memory, and metacognition p

Question 18

What is metacognition?

Answer 18

Our awareness and understanding of our own thoughts

Question 19

What are developmental psychologists?

Answer 19

• Study how people change and develop over their lifespan
• study issues that pertain to ALL STAGES OF LIFE

Question 20

What are experimental psychologists?

Answer 20

• usually work in a laboratory setting
• conducts experiments in animal and human subjects in a variety of studies
• uses the experimental method as a tool to learn about the human behavior and thought

Question 21

What is structuralism?

Answer 21

• a way of studying the mind by looking at what “structures” are in the mind
• uses introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind

Question 22

What is functionalism?

Answer 22

• knowing the function of something and what it can do
• explored the way mental and behavioral processes function and how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

Question 23

What is positive psychology?

Answer 23

• Focuses in helping individuals live an emotionally fulfilled life
• Doesn’t seek to diagnose or greet possible mental health impairments or illnesses

Question 24

What is introspection?

Answer 24

• the examination of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelings
• used in structuralism
• developed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchner

Question 25

What is the biopsychosocial approach?

Answer 25

• a model that focuses on the ways that both nature and nurture can cause psychological disorders
• only considered biological psychological, an sociocultural factors.

Question 26

What is the medical model?

Answer 26

• looks at the biological causes of psychological disorders

Question 27

What is Gestalt psychology?

Answer 27

• considers the mind and human behavior as a unique whole, not the sum of commitments