Unit 1 - Approaches, Careers, And Important Terms Flashcards
What is the behavioral approach?
- Focuses on how external influences (ex: rewards and punishments) influence our behaviors
- How we learn observable responses
What is the social-cultural approach?
- Focuses on how ones race, religion, gender, and social class may influence how they behave or think
- Concept that our behavior is the result of our interaction with others
What is the humanistic approach?
- Focuses on how having or not having our basic needs met influences our ability to self-actuality or be the best version of ourselves
What is the biological approach?
- Focuses on how our brain anatomy, neurotransmitters, hormones, and genetics influence who we are
What is the cognitive approach?
- Focuses on how we process information, solve problems, make decisions, no form memories
What is the psychodynamic approach?
- Focuses on how behavior springs from unconscious drives and motives
- Sigmund Freud is considered the “father” of psychoanalysis
What are industrial organizational psychologists?
- work with companies to generate how to motivate employees
- focuses on how people work to improve the efficiency of a group
What are human factors psychologists?
- Assist product engineers to make products more user friendly
- Studies how humans interacts with technology and the environment
What are educational psychologists?
- Interested in studying how people learn best
- How psychological processes affect teaching and learning
- Assist individuals in a school setting
What are personality psychologists?
- Studies the impact of a persons personality has on various behavior choices
What are psychometric psychologists?
- Responsible for creating, administering, and interpreting tests
- have a strong math background
- works at analyzing data
What are counseling psychologists?
- Helps clients deal with daily stressors so they can achieve a greater well being
- Don’t deal with mental disorders
- May advise on matters such as family conflicts and career and work issues
What are Research Psychologists?
- Conduct Experiments to further the scientific knowledge surrounding human thought and behavior
What are social psychologists?
- Conduct basic research to learn more in general about human or animal social interactions
- Study how our beliefs, feelings and behaviors are influenced or influence others
What are psychiatrists?
- Medical doctors who specialize in psychiatric medicine
What are clinical psychologists?
- Applied psychologists who work directly with patients suffering with mental illness
- can’t prescribe medications
What are cognitive psychologists?
- study how people think and how it affects their behavior
- conduct research in problem solving, memory, and metacognition p
What is metacognition?
Our awareness and understanding of our own thoughts
What are developmental psychologists?
- Study how people change and develop over their lifespan
- study issues that pertain to ALL STAGES OF LIFE
What are experimental psychologists?
- usually work in a laboratory setting
- conducts experiments in animal and human subjects in a variety of studies
- uses the experimental method as a tool to learn about the human behavior and thought
What is structuralism?
- a way of studying the mind by looking at what “structures” are in the mind
- uses introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind
What is functionalism?
- knowing the function of something and what it can do
- explored the way mental and behavioral processes function and how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
What is positive psychology?
- Focuses in helping individuals live an emotionally fulfilled life
- Doesn’t seek to diagnose or greet possible mental health impairments or illnesses
What is introspection?
- the examination of one’s own conscious thoughts and feelings
- used in structuralism
- developed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchner
What is the biopsychosocial approach?
- a model that focuses on the ways that both nature and nurture can cause psychological disorders
- only considered biological psychological, an sociocultural factors.
What is the medical model?
- looks at the biological causes of psychological disorders
What is Gestalt psychology?
- considers the mind and human behavior as a unique whole, not the sum of commitments
