Unit 1 and Unit 2 Flashcards
Define food Provence
The origin of food: where it comes from
Define Food Additives
Natural or synthetic substances added to food to perform a particular function.
6 examples of food additives and their function
Antioxidant- extends shelf life
Colours - make food look attractive
Emulsifiers - helps to mix ingredients together and stop them separating during storage
Flavourings - replace flavours lost during processing
Preservatives - keeps food safe to eat for longer.
Sweeteners- used instead of sugar to make food taste sweet
Define food fortification
Nutrients added to food during processing.
Reasons why food is fortified
To replace nutrients lost during processing
To display for marketing purposes
To cater for individuals with certain dietary needs such as vegans
To prevent deficiency disorders
3 Examples of foods that are fortified and why.
Milk - fortified with b12 for vegans
Bread - folic acids - pregnant ladies
Eggs - fortified with omega 3 - marketing
2 foods that are grown
Carrots and potatoes
2 foods that are reared
Chicken/poultry and beef
2 foods that are caught
Mussels, oysters, shrimp, crab
Tuna, salmon
2 examples of plant sources of protein
Beans
Pulses
2 examples of animal sources of protein
Eggs
Chicken
Beef
2 examples of novel sources of protein
Soya
Tofu
Identify the 3 main parts of food production system
Input eg banana
Process eg turning banana into a smoothies
Output - banana smoothie
Identify the 3 main stages in the food supply chain
Agricultural sector - where food is grown reared or caught
Manufacturing sector - part where food goes through stage of processing or production
Distribution sector - part where food is transported and supplied to food businesses.
5 groups that make up the eatwell guide
Fruit and veg
Starchy carbohydrates such as Potatoes/breads/rice/pasta and other starchy carbs
Oils and spreads
Diary and alternative
Beans pulses, eggs, meat fish and other proteins
8 tips for eating well
1- don’t get thirsty, sim to drink 6-8 glasses of water per day
2- don’t skip breakfast. Provides our bodies with energy
3 - get active and be a health weight. Being overweight leads to health issues
4 - eat less salt, no more than 6g a day for adults
5 - eat more fish, 1 portion of oily fish a week reduces risk of heart disease.
6- cut down on saturated fats and sugar. Too much increases cholesterol which can lead to heart disease
7 - eat lots of fruit and veg, plenty of fibre into your diet
8 - base your meals on starchy foods, contains energy for our bodies
Seven reasons why food Provinence benefits consumers
- Quality Assurance
- Informed Choices
- Health Promotion
- Trust Building
- Sustainable Practices
- Local Support
- Cultural Identity
Outline nine steps involved in crop production
1- preparing the soil
2- sowing seeds
3- watering
4-fertilising
5-weeding
6-protecting from pests
7-harvesting
8-separation and inspection
9- storage
5 reasons why food processing benefits consumers
- Time-Saving
- Longer Storage
- Consistent Quality
- Cost Efficiency
- Food Safety
Six reasons why foods are fortified and give examples for each reason
- Prevent Nutrient Deficiency
- Enhance Public Nutrition
- Support Vulnerable Groups
- Restore Lost Nutrients
- Address Global Health
- Enrich Modern Diets
Outline a range of factors affecting energy expenditure
-BMR
-PAL physical activity level if you’d a manual job you’d except more energy than office worker
-age during childhood energy requirements increase
-gender adult males need more energy than adult female
-specific needs women’s energy needs increase in pregnancy and breast feeding
How many Kcals are provided from each of the following
1g protein
1g carbohydrates
1g fats
Protein proved 4kcal
Carbohydrates provided 3.76kcal
Fat provides 9kcals
What is a natural additive and give an example.
Natural additives are substances naturally found in food products that are extracted from one food to be used for another, for example beetroot juice can be used as an additive for sweets to enhance their purple colour
What is a nature identical additive and given an example?
These substances are man-made copies of those that naturally occur in food products, for example benzoic acid is found naturally but it’s also synthetically made and used as a preservative
What are artificial additives and give an example?
These substances are synthetically made and are not naturally finding any food products for example Saccharin is an artificial sweetener
Name the five characteristics of intensive farming
High yield crops
Pesticides used to control weeds and pests
Chemical fertilisers used to enrich the soil
Animals kept indoors with limited space
Mechanised agriculture
Name five characteristics of organic farming
-Crop rotation link to seasons
-Hand wedding and natural pest control -Green manure and composting to enrich the soil
-Animals are given space to move freely
-Labour intensive agriculture
Describe the three main methods for catching fish and given an example of a type of fish caught each of these ways
Dredging- dragging metal frame nuts with rakes attached through the sea bed.
(E.g. mussels)
Linecaught- large or small scale using bated hooks (e.g. mackerel)
Pots and Creeks- these are baited with fish and placed on the seabed to be collected later (e.g. crab)
Describe the concept of protein complementation
A combination of low biological value proteins in one meal to provide all the essential amino acids
What is LBV and HBV?
Low biological value
high biological value
Explain why the body needs energy
Physical activity
Maintaining body temperature at 37°
Bodily function such as heartbeat, breathing and digestion
Growth and repair of body tissues
Meeting the body specific needs (e.g. during pregnancy, lactation and recovering from illness)
Explain two functions of protein
Growth and repair
Maintenance of body tissue
Differentiate between dispensable and indispensable amino acids
Dispensable amino acids are made in the body but indispensable amino acids are not and have to be intaken from the diet
Evaluate the use of additives in food
Additives in food can provide a range of advantages such as extend shelf life and intensify flavour in food however people may want their food to be natural
What is meant by write down?
It means site examples
What is meant by identify?
Name label or recognise
What is meant by outline?
Summarise the main points
What is meant by describe?
Describe means set out characteristics say what something is and use examples
What is meant by explain?
Explain means you need to give a detailed answer set out purposes or reasons and give examples
What is meant by differentiate?
Identify the differences between
What is meant by evaluate?
Evaluate means to consider evidence for and against
State three disadvantages of additives in food
Potential health risks
Nutritional impact The additives may enhance the food, but the food will still lack essential nutrients
Misleading quality perception Making food appear more fresh than it actually is
Disadvantages of fortifying food
Risk of over consumption
Masking poor diet
Uneven accessibility because fortified foods are usually more expensive so aren’t as obtainable by lower income households
Antioxidants examples of food
Fruit juice
Salad dressings
Sauces
Bakery products
Colours examples of food
Soft drinks
Fruit yoghurts
Tinned peas
Confectionery
Emulsifier example of food
Jam
Ice cream
Mayonnaise
Sources
Flavourings examples of food
Sauces
Soup
Chilled meals
Savoury snacks
Preservatives examples of food
Bread
Biscuits
Dairy products
Cured meats
Sweeteners examples of food
Low-calorie products
Soft drinks
Yoghurts
Desserts
