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Med Surg > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

body maintaining stable equilibrium

A

homeostasis

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2
Q

fluid outside of cells

A

extracellular fluid

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3
Q

fluid inside of cells

A

intracellular fluid

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4
Q

fluid between cells

A

interstitial fluid

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5
Q

fluid in specialized cavities

A

transcellular fluid

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6
Q

dissolves other substances

A

solvent

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7
Q

component that gets dissolved

A

solute

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8
Q

seperating solid from liquid

A

filtration

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9
Q

solutes move from higher concentration to lower

A

diffusion

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10
Q

water pulls into more concentrated area

A

osmosis

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11
Q

how many mL a day is fluid intake?

A

2300

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12
Q

what is obligatory urine output?

A

400-600 mL

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13
Q

when is aldosterone secreted?

A

when Na level is less than 135, to prevent loss of sodium and water

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14
Q

water and electrolyte loss

A

isotonic dehydration

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15
Q

What signs do you see during hypovolemic shock

A

increase HR, peripheral pulses weak, hypotension, neck veins distended , increased RR

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16
Q

1L of h20 =

A

2.2 LB

17
Q

where is the best place to assess skin turgor on an older adult?

A

sternum and forehead

18
Q

what is the first indicator of fluid balance problem of an older adult?

A

change in cognition

19
Q

what is concentrated urine?

A

greater than 1.030

20
Q

what labs will you see with dehydration?

A

incraesed hgb and hct glucose protein BUN and electrolytes

21
Q

when would you give isotonic IV

A

blood loss

22
Q

when would you give hypotonic solution

A

DKA

23
Q

when would you give hypertonic

A

edema

24
Q

what is a reason for fluid overload

A

poor cardiac or kidney function

25
Q

what labs will you see

A

low hgb hct and protein

26
Q

what are vital signs with fluid overload

A

increased pulse RR and BP , moist crackles

27
Q

major cation in the ECF

A

sodium

Med Surg (9 decks)

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