Unit 1

Question 1

amino acid

Answer 1

an organic molecule that serves as the building block of proteins, composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen CHON

Question 2

biological substance

Answer 2

a substance that either comes from a living organism or contains living organisms

Question 3

biohazard

Answer 3

a biological substance that could potentially cause harm

Question 4

biomolecule

Answer 4

any molecule that is found in living organisms; includes proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids

Question 5

carbohydrates

Answer 5

biomolecule that includes sugars and starches; made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen CHO; quick energy source

Question 6

chloroplast

Answer 6

a membrane-bound organelle or structure where photosynthesis takes place

Question 7

control

Answer 7

the standard that experimental results are compared to

Question 8

controlled variable

Answer 8

factors that are not directly involved in the experiment but the experimenter wants to make sure and keep these factors constant, also known as constants

Question 9

corrosive

Answer 9

capable of corroding or eating away at materials it comes in contact with

Question 10

dependent variable

Answer 10

the component of an experiment that is counted, measured, or observed

Question 11

dilute

Answer 11

to make a substance thinner or weaker by adding water to it

Question 12

dispose

Answer 12

to put in a particular place

Question 13

eukaryote

Answer 13

a single or multi-celled organism that has a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

Question 14

experiment

Answer 14

the procedure used by scientists to test a hypothesis and gather information in a controlled setting

Question 15

flammable

Answer 15

capable of catching on fire

Question 16

formulate

Answer 16

to devise or create

Question 17

function

Answer 17

the way something works or operates, or what it does

Question 18

glucose

Answer 18

a simple sugar that is necessary for living things to break down and use as an energy source

Question 19

hazardous

Answer 19

dangerous

Question 20

hypothesis

Answer 20

a solution for a question or problem that can be tested

Question 21

independent variable

Answer 21

the component of the experiment the is changed or manipulated by the experimenter

Question 22

lipid

Answer 22

a biomolecule that includes fats, oils, and waxes; made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen CHO; long term energy storage

Question 23

membrane

Answer 23

a structure that works as a boundary or lining

Question 24

mitochondria

Answer 24

a membrane-bound organelle or structure that is responsible for the production of the cell’s energy

Question 25

monosaccharide

Answer 25

the monomer of a carbohydrate, a single sugar

Question 26

nucleic acid

Answer 26

a biomolecule that includes DNA and RNA; made up of nucleotides counting carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus; functions as a cell's genetic information

Question 27

nucleotide

Answer 27

building block of nucleic acids; made of a sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

Question 28

origin

Answer 28

the point at which something begins

Question 29

phenomenon

Answer 29

an occurrence or circumstance that is observed within the scientific community

Question 30

phospholipid

Answer 30

a type of lipid the has a round phosphate head and 2 fatty acid tails

Question 31

polymer

Answer 31

a large molecule composed of many repeating units, made up of monomers

Question 32

polysaccharide

Answer 32

a polymer of carbohydrates; made of 3 or more monosaccharides

Question 33

predictable

Answer 33

happens in a way that is expected

Question 34

procedure

Answer 34

a set of instructions to complete a task

Question 35

prokaryote

Answer 35

a single celled organism that does not have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Question 36

protein

Answer 36

a biomolecule involved in all life processes; made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen CHON; a polymer of amine acids

Question 37

protocell

Answer 37

an organized structure enclosed by a lipid membrane that can grow and divide; the proposed first cell on earth

Question 38

qualitative data

Answer 38

descriptive data that scientists would record from their observations such as color, smell

Question 39

quantitative data

Answer 39

numerical data that is measured such as temperature

Question 40

radioactive

Answer 40

produces harmful rays of radiation

Question 41

scientific method

Answer 41

series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question

Question 42

structure

Answer 42

the arrangement of parts or elements to form something complex

Question 43

theory

Answer 43

a set of statements created to explain a phenomenon that is backed with scientific evidence; can be tested with predictable results

Question 44

toxic

Answer 44

poisonous, could cause serious harm

Question 45

trial

Answer 45

a test or experiment done to obtain results

Question 46

valid

Answer 46

having a reasonable basis in knowledge or fact; officials accepted

Question 47

Venn diagram

Answer 47

a graphic organizer used to compare 2 different concepts

Question 48

ventilation

Answer 48

when fresh air is circulated through a room