Unit 1

Question 1

the Schlieffen plan

Answer 1

by a German general to avoid a lengthy two-front war
- send small force to Russia
- send small force to border of France
- send bulk of army through Belgium
plan was to take Paris in 42 days and then turn on Russia

Question 2

TRIPLE ALLIANCE

Answer 2

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

Question 3

TRIPLE ENTENTE

Answer 3

France, Britain, Russia

Question 4

who was Kaiser Wilhelm 2?

Answer 4

German kaiser (emperor)
king of Prussia (1888-1918)
pushed Germany into crises that risked war outbreak

Question 5

what is the “Black Hand”?

Answer 5

nationalist Serbians’ terrorist group

Question 6

why was the Black Hand formed?

Answer 6

Serbs in Austria-Hungary wanted to reunite BOSNIA with the rest of Serbia

Question 7

when and how did Canada go to war?

Answer 7

when Britain declared war on Germany on
Aug. 4, 1914
Canada was automatically at war because it was a nation of the British Empire
(also Australia, New Zealand, India and South Africa)

Question 8

what COULD Canada control about their involvement?

Answer 8

Canadian government could control the extent of their involvement
- asked for 20 000 volunteers to create one division to send to Europe

Question 9

what is shell shock?

Answer 9

term used during WW1 to describe the psychological trauma suffered by men serving in the war
(AKA the battle of fatigue, neurasthenia, and combat stress reaction)

Question 10

what is the result of shell shock?

Answer 10

the impact of the horrors of the war (i.e., intensity of constant artillery shelling)
had on the men
SYMPTOMS
- ranged from panic attacks to mental and physical paralysis

Question 11

when was for chlorine gas first used?

Answer 11

1915

by Germans at the second battle Ypres

Question 12

impact of gas attacks?

Answer 12

respiratory distress
blindness
external blisters on skin
internal blisters in mouth, nose and throat

Question 13

when were the tanks introduced?

Answer 13

1916
debut by Britain
(early tanks were UNRELIABLE = destroyed)

Question 14

“total war” meaning?

Answer 14

the organization of entire societies for war in a social, economic, and even spiritual sense (nationalism and patriotism)

Question 15

women in WW1

Answer 15

not allowed to enter combat roles
filled vacant jobs of soldiers fighting in the war
not considered ‘persons’ at the time

Question 16

service jobs given to women during the war?

Answer 16

streetcar operator
bus driver
police forces
banks

Question 17

factory jobs given to women during the war?

Answer 17

munition plants
aircraft factories
machine shops
metal factories

Question 18

other jobs given to women during the war?

Answer 18

knitters
farmers
mechanics

Question 19

what are “Bluebirds”?

Answer 19

Canadian nurses serving overseas
because of blue uniforms
in danger working so close to front lines (hospitals hit by artillery shells)

Question 20

how many Canadian nurses died?

Answer 20

46

Question 21

the “big four”

Answer 21

Britain
France
USA
Italy and Japan to a lesser extent

Question 22

who was not initially invited for the discussion of the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 22

Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Russia
the Central Powers were only called upon later to RECEIVE the peace terms

Question 23

when was the Paris peace conference?

Answer 23

1919
took a long time
would create the treaty of Versailles

Question 24

what is the War Clause?

Answer 24

penalized Germany an severely punished them, while forcing them to accept the blame for the war.