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NBDHE > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The most common sites of misplaced sebaceous glands?

A

Fordyce granules.
Normally associated with hair follicles, which are only found on skin.
60%-80% of the population may be located in areas of the oral cavity.

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2
Q

What is the most densely mineralized and hardest tissue in the human body?

A

Enamel.

96% inorganic and 4% organic matter and water.

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3
Q

The longest teeth in human dentition?

A

Canines.

The maxillary canines have the longest roots of any teeth.

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4
Q

The most obvious landmarks on the posterior teeth are

A

The cusps.

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5
Q

The extraoral technique used most often in dentistry is ?

A

panoramic radiography.

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6
Q

One of the most important uses of dental images?

A

Detection.

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7
Q

Most atoms are

A

Neutral.

Most atoms exist in a neutral state and contain equal numbers of protons and neutrons.

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8
Q

How many of X-ray energy produced at the anode can be classified as general radiation?

A

Most X-rays, 70%.

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9
Q

———— what is anything that captures the image?

A

Receptor.

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10
Q

The most important assessment instrument now used by dental hygienists and dentist is

A

The periodontal probe.

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11
Q

The most common human disease and among the easiest to treat and control.

A

Gingivitis

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12
Q

What is the most common stimulus for pain?

A

Cold

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13
Q

What is the most commonly used and are a successful treatment modality?

A

Fluoride gels and varnishes.

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14
Q

What is rarely hits the nucleus of the tungsten atom?

A

An electron.

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15
Q

Requirements for putting the instruments into action to accomplish a particular task are

A

Stabilization by meaning of a correct grasp,
Finger rest, and fulcrum.
Instrument adaptation.angulation, lateral pressure, and stroke.

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16
Q

Classification for treatment instruments

A

Scalers—-Sickle, jacqueette, file, hoe, chisel.

Curets

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17
Q

Scalers

A

——curved scaler/ sickle scaler.

Straight scaler/ jacquette .
File scaler.
Hoe scaler.
Chisel scaler.

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18
Q

A cutting edge is

A

Formed by the junction of the face and the lateral surface.

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19
Q

The median nerve in the carpal tunnel, is one of the entrapment conditions that results from inappropriate work habits, such as working with a bent wrist.

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome.

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20
Q

The only muscle have two nerve—-

A

Digastric muscle.
The anterior part of the muscle is supplied by the trigeminal nerve V3, and the posterior part is supplied by the facial nerve VII.

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21
Q

What muscle splits and part of the posterior portion of the digastric muscle passes through it?

A

The stylohyoid muscle.

22
Q

Two muscles have intermedia tendon—-

A

Digastric muscle and omohyoid muscle.

23
Q

Calculus vs plaque bacterial biofilm

A

Calculus is not a primary cause of periodontal disease. Plaque bacterial biofilm is always #1 concern.

24
Q

Subgingival vs malocclusion

A

Subgingival calculus is always covered in bacteria plaque biofilm. Malocclusion is not a cause of periodontal disease.

25
Q

How many stages of enamel organ?

A

Bud stage. Bell stage.

26
Q

what happens to the bud stage of enamel organ?

A

the first stage in the development of the enamel organ that forms the enamel of the teeth.

27
Q

what happens to the bell stage of the enamel organ?

A

4 layers of epitheliums. Outer enamel epithelium, protects and later aids in nourishment. Inner enamel epithelium, forms ameloblasts which form enamel. Stellate reticulum, protection, and nourishment. Stratum intermedium, nourishment of ameloblasts from inner enamel epithelium also produce protein for possible use by ameloblasts.

28
Q

stylohyoid muscle VS digastric muscle

A

the stylohyoid muscle split allows the digastric muscle passes through it.

29
Q

what direction is migration?

A

usually occurs in a mesial direction. premolars drift distally.

30
Q

permanent first molars.

A

often lost in childhood or the teen years.

31
Q

distribution of calculus.

A

supragingival calculus appears most commonly on the mandibular incisor and maxillary molars; especially the first molar, and is related to the opening of the major salivary ducts. Subgingival calculus is evenly distributed throughout the mouth.

32
Q

Periodontal pockets

A

always contain subgingival calculus. Calculus provides a reservoir for bacteria and endotoxins that are related to the disease process.

33
Q

amalgam overhangs

A

the most common forms of poorly contoured restorations and they cause plaque traps, leading to increased gingival inflammation. Their major contribution to pathologic conditions is as a source o plaque biofilm retention plaque mass and with plaque colonized by likely periodontal pathogens.

34
Q

what is the most common human disease and among the easiest to treat and control?

A

gingivitis.

35
Q

gingivitis VS periodontal disease.

A

gingivitis can reverse. periodontal disease can not reverse, only control.

36
Q

what is the most obvious symptom of gingivitis?

A

bleeding gums. gingivitis occurs very commonly in all levels of society. NOT genetic.

37
Q

what is the most common form of gingivitis?

A

gingivitis associated with dental plaque only, also called plaque-associated gingivitis or gingivitis. This disease is directly related to the presence of bacterial plaque on the tooth surface.

38
Q

what happens to pregnancy-related gingivitis?

A

most pregnancy-related gingivitis improves or resolves with good home care and removal of local irritants.

39
Q

What is the most common form of periodontal disease?

A

chronic periodontitis. This disease is characterized by bone resorption that progresses slowly and predominantly in a horizontal direction.

40
Q

what is the most reliable method of determining disease activity?

A

Cto document the loss of periodontal attachment by measuring clinical attachment loss. (CAL)

41
Q

what pathogens associated with periodontal disease?

A

Porphyromonas Gingivalis. one of the red complex bacteria is perhaps the most common species identified.

42
Q

most patients with periodontal diseases have

A

chronic adult periodontitis.

43
Q

the dental hygienist taking a major role in

A

initial therapy.

44
Q

what is the most common and accepted method of detecting periodontal disease?

A

careful assessment of the attachment level around all surfaces of all teeth with a graduated periodontal probe.

45
Q

what are the most effective antimicrobial and antigingivitis agent available for clinical use?

A

Chlorhexidine (CHX). 0.12% solution. Rx only.

46
Q

what is the most common cause of hospitalization of small children with PHG (Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis)?

A

dehydration

47
Q

what is the single most common cause of excess aerosol production?

A

incorrect angulation of the handpick.

48
Q

Periocoronal abcess/ periocornitis

A

inflammation of the gingiva surrounding the crown of a partially erupted tooth. most common location mandibular 3 rd molars.

49
Q

mentalis–location and function.

A

Origin, anterior surface of the mandible, just beneath the lateral incisors. Insertion, skin of the chin. Action, pulls the skin of chin up.

50
Q

what tendinous band separates the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and the buccinator muscle?

A

Pterygomandibular raphe.

NBDHE (4 decks)

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