Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Grade 11 biology > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Levels of classification

A

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Species

A

Group that looks alike and can breed with each other to produce viable offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bacteria

A

archaebacteria (primitive) and eubacteria are found where other organisms can’t survive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Good bacteria

A

Sources of antibiotics and decomposes in nutrient cycles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bad bacteria

A

Can cause decease by growing too numerous in the host, destroys host cells and tissues by producing toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Basic bacterial shapes and clusters

A

Shapes: Spherical- coccus (cocci) Rod shaped- bacillus (Bacilli) spiral- sprillium (spirilla)

Clusters: diplo- 2
Strepto- chain
Staphylo- clump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Obligate aerobes

A

Require oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

Can’t survive with oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Facultative anaerobes

A

Can survive with or without oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Viruses

A

Not living, can only survive inside another living cell, capsid contains nucleic acid and makes up for 95% of virus. They will only effect bacteria, only plants or only animals. They destroy the cells they infect so antibiotics are not effective but they can be prevented with vaccines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bacteriophages

A

viruses eat bacteria and inject their DNA (have a specific host range)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Protists

A

Eukaryotic, unicellular, ancient, aquatic. Plant like: contains chlorophyll- algae Animal like: heterotrophs, moist habitats- amoeba Fungi like: Slime moulds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Plants versus fungi

A 
Plants :
One nucleus per cell
Autotrophs 
Starch is main storage molecule 
Roots 
Cellulose in cell wall
Reproduce by seed
Fungi: 
Many nuclei per cell 
Heterotrophs 
Few or no storage molecules 
No roots 
Chitin in cell walls 
None reproduce by seed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fugi characteristics

A

Eukaryotic, anchored in soil, reproduction can be sexual, asexual or both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fungi cell structure

A

Hyphae: thin ligaments that branch out and make body. Consist of long tubes of cytoplasm containing many nucleii
Compartments are called septa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Importance of fungi

A

Decomposes and recycles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Animal major characteristics

A

Multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophs and most are motile. 95% are invertebrates, cells are organized into tissues and organs, can be sexual or aquatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Asymmetrical

A

No body symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Radial symmetry

A

Parts arranged around a central axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Bilateral symmetry

A

Left and right are mirror images of each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Coelomates

A

True body cavity, organisms are suspended by a mesentery with a hollow space

22
Q

Psedocolemates

A

Have a false body cavity and two body openings

23
Q

Acolemates

A

Mouth is only opening

24
Q

Embryonic development

A

Germ layer, develops into various body organs

25
Q

Porifera

A 
Sponges (demo sponges) 
Most are marine (some freshwater) 
No definite shape 
No tissue organization 
Larvae are free swimming but adults are sessile 
Hermaphrodotic
26
Q

Cnidaria

A

Jellyfish (anything with stinging cells)
Most are marine
All have radial symmetry
Two definite tissue layers
Polyp: cylindrical, sessile, mouth shaped upwards and tentacles surrounding it

Medusa: free floating, umbrella shaped, mouths downwards and tentacles hanging down around it

27
Q

Plathelminthes

A

Flatworms (tapeworms) Simplest animals with organs

acolemates, flattened bodies with bilateral sypetry and capitalization

28
Q

Nematode

A

Round worms (hookworms) found everywhere. most are parasites, ruby bodies and bilateral symmetry , pseducoelomates, males are smaller then females

29
Q

Annelida

A

Segmented worms (earth worms) collimates with bilateral symmetry. freshwater marine or terrestrial

30
Q

Mollusca

A

Squid, muscles Built on a body of mantle shell and for
mantle secretes shell and involved in respiration
shell provides support protection and secures attachment for the muscle
Foot is fleshy and contains most of the viscera

31
Q

Arthropod

A

Biggest and most diverse, bilaterally symmetrical, covered in tough exoskeleton. Has 5 main groups. Horseshoe crabs: most successful Arachnids: scorpions Crustaceans: aquatic, lobsters etc centipedes and millipedes

32
Q

Echinoderm

A

Starfish, no body segmentation, radial symmetry, marine

33
Q

Chordata

A 
Hollow nerve cord on dorsal side 
Notochord- rod between nerve cord and digestive track 
Gill structure in pharynx 
Post anal tail 
Digestive tube behind mouth
34
Q

Agnathans

A

Fish lacking jaws

35
Q

Chondrichthyes

A

cartilaginous fish

36
Q

Osteichthyes/ actiopterygii

A

bony fish

37
Q

Amphibia

A

Adapted to terrestrial and aquatic environments

38
Q

Reptalia

A

Descendants of amphibians

39
Q

Aves

A

Birds

40
Q

Mammalian

A

Have hair and mammary glands

41
Q

Vascular plants

A

xylem: transports water
Phloem: transports nutrients
Can by gymnosperms (naked seeds) or angiosperms (enclosed seeds)

42
Q

Monocots

A

One vein

43
Q

Dicots

A

Two veins

44
Q

Non vascular plants

A

No conductive tissue, no roots stem or leaves. Can’t reproduce unless a film of moisture can carry gametes between plants

45
Q

History and evolution

A

Ancestors of plants were all aquatic (500 million years ago) because water is needed for photosynthesis, 50 million years later moved onto barren rock for better axis to the sun. Seeds evolved to they would reproduce

46
Q

Alternation of generations

A

Life cycle of plants, diploid generation produces spores and haploid generation produces gametes

47
Q

Bryophytes

A

Non vascular and seedless- developed 450-400 million years ago, live in moist environments
Reproduction: haploid gametes produced by antheridium (produces sperm) and archegonium (produces eggs) diploid sporangium produces haploid spores

48
Q

Lycophytes

A

Club mosses, vascular and seedless, evolved 360-300 million years ago. Moist climate
Reproduction: Haploid gametes produced from gametophyte, sporophyte diploid growing from gametophyte produces haploid spores

49
Q

deuterostomes

A

Becomes the anus

50
Q

protostomes

A

Becomes the mouth

Grade 11 biology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions