unit 1 Flashcards
What is a micronutrient?
Nutrients needed by the body in small amounts. These include vitamins and minerals. They release no energy in metabolism
What is a macronutrient?
They supply energy, they are needed by the body in large amounts. These include, water, and the energy-yielding nutrients: carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.
What is metabolism?
The sum of all the chemical reactions that take place in a living organism.
What is malnutrition?
a state of health resulting from improper nourishment
What is undernutrition?
is caused by eating insufficient amounts of energy-providing foods
What is overnutrition?
is caused by eating an excess of energy-providing foods.
What is variety?
Involves eating a variety of foods within each food group and increases the likelihood that your diet is nutritionally adequate.
What is balance?
Choosing foods from all the food groups. For example, a daily diet should include servings of food from various food groups.
What is moderation?
Involves controlling or regulating food intake - obtaining enough nutrients from food to meet your needs while avoiding excessive intake.
What is nutrient density?
An evaluation of the nutrient content of a good in comparison to the kcalories it provides.
How many kcals per gram do carbs and protein provide?
4 kcal
How many kcals per gram does fat provide?
9 kcal
What are the functions of nutrients?
Providing kcal to meet energy needs, important for growth, development and maintenance, keep body functions running smoothly.
What is the regulation of metabolism called?
Homeostasis
What is observational studies?
prospective cohort study and case control study
