Unit 1

Question 1

Schools of Thought: Anthro

Answer 1

1) functionalism by Malinowski, says society tries to meet the needs of it’s members
2) cultural materialism- by Harris, says that environment and material things play a big role in a culture’s beliefs

Question 2

Infra Structure, Structure, super structure?

Answer 2

Under Cultural Materialism by Harris where infrastructure is the demographics and economics of a culture, structure is the way its organized (politics, law, family), and super structure is the ideologies of the culture

Question 3

School of Thoughts Psych besides psychoanalytic theory

Answer 3

Learning Theory - Skinner and Watson:
learning changes the way you interpret the world.

behaviouralism: under learning theory; suggests we only can study behaviours not feelings

Question 4

Sociology school of thoughts

Answer 4

Marxism, Feminism, and Structural Functionalism

Question 5

Steps of Scientific Inquiry Process:

Answer 5

develop a research question, consider alternate perspectives, create a hypothesis, collect data, arrive at a conclusion

Question 6

Methodologies of Social Science and Drawbacks

Answer 6

Observation (unstructured, structured and participant) - takes too long, they might act different around you

Interview - biased questions, may answer to satisfy the interviewer

Survey - can’t use a small group to predict behaviour of large group, may try to answer questions to get a certain answer, bias questions

Experiments - might not benefit everyone ie. Control groups

Case study- can’t always use one person to understand whole group, uncommitted subjects

Question 7

3 points from Malcolm Gladwell’s tipping point

Answer 7

law of the few- motivated individuals that want to start change
Stickiness factor: makes the idea stick
Power of context: human behaviour relating to environmental factors

Question 8

Cognitive consistency & dissonance

Answer 8

Consistency is tendency for individuals to seek out stimuli that are consistent with their beliefs

Dissonance is having an opinion contrasting to their beliefs

Question 9

Conformation Bias

Answer 9

Wanting to believe data based on our own beliefs rather than the validity of the data

Question 10

Differences between anthro pysch and sociology

Answer 10

Anthro- culture groups, family and kinship - participant observation

psych- individual behaviour, through experiments

Sociology- studies the role of institutions, such as family, gvt, school, and media and the development of society through stats mainly