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AP Euro > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

city-states

A

cities that had governments (in Italy)

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2
Q

Ciompi Revolt

A

wool traders wanted to be in a guild, revolted, held a guild for 4 years

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3
Q

Lorenzo the Mag

A

ruled Florence, almost totalitarian, “found” Michelanglo

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4
Q

Treaty of Lori

A

alliance between Milan, Maples, and Florence (1494)

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5
Q

Ludovico il Moro

A

ruled Milan, invited French to take over Naples, big mistake

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6
Q

Charles VIII

A

French king that invaded Italy, had a puppet gov in Florence, was ousted by L.M. (had an alliance w/Venice

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7
Q

Borgias

A

corrupt pope (Alex VI), advanced political careers of his children, helped French back into Italy

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8
Q

Niccolo Machiavelli

A

wrote The Prince, ends justify the means

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9
Q

Linear perspective

A

painting technique that allows you to see things as “far away”

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10
Q

Giotto

A

father of Renaissance painting

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11
Q

Leonardo da Vinci

A

Mona Lisa, inventer

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12
Q

Raphael

A

School of Athens

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13
Q

Michelangelo

A

Sistine Chapel, David

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14
Q

Humanism

A

scholarly study of Latin and Greek classics and ancient church fathers

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15
Q

Petrarch

A

father of humanism, Letters to the Ancient Dead

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16
Q

Dante

A

Divine Comedy-about hell

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17
Q

Buccaccio

A

Decameron

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18
Q

Platonism

A

education helps the soul

19
Q

civic humanism

A

thinking for yourself, public service from education

20
Q

Printing Press

A

invented by Johann Gutenberg, movable type, helped by a new cheap way to make paper

21
Q

Erasmus

A

most famous, Catholic priest, education and religious reformer, tutored, “Adages”, didn’t like dogma

22
Q

Dogma

A

practice over religion

23
Q

Rudolf Agricola

A

father of German humanism, brought ideas from Italy, Hebrew scholar, vernacular

24
Q

Sir Thomas More

A

“Utopia”, advisor to Henry VIII, executed, Catholic saint, hated Reformation, Humanist

25
Q

Portugal

A

most coastline, used to sailing, documented everything

26
Q

Prince Henry

A

brother to king (Port), explored West Africa, got spices, converted Muslims and pagans to Christianity

27
Q

Bartholomew Dias

A

went around Africa to Asia instead of waiting for goods

28
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

wanted to find a diff route to West Indies, not nice to natives, initiated Spanish colonization

29
Q

Hernan Cortes

A

took over Aztec Empire, mean to natives, made friends w/Aztec enemies

30
Q

Indulgences

A

paper that takes away time in Purgatory

31
Q

Vernacular

A

everyday language

32
Q

Martin Luther

A

ordained minister, wrote 95 theses, mostly about indulgences

33
Q

Diet of Worms

A

Luther presented ideas to Charles V, made an outlaw

34
Q

Peasants’ Revolt

A

peasants revolt against landlords

35
Q

Ulrich Zwingli

A

wanted to end clerical celibacy, against indulgences, humanist

36
Q

Anabaptists

A

ansestors to Amish, rejected infant baptism, believed in adult baptism, became pasifist

37
Q

John Calvin

A

predestination, French, humanist, lawyer

38
Q

Diet of Augsburg

A

Protestant and Catholic rep., result-Prot. were told to revert back to Catholics, didn’t happen

39
Q

Peace of Augsburg

A

made the divide in the church permanent, ruler of land chooses religion

40
Q

Henry VIII

A

never supposed to become king, 6 wives

41
Q

Counter-Reformation

A

Catholic church’s reaction to the Reformation

42
Q

Ursulines

A

female order

43
Q

Jesuits

A

founded by Ignatius, made Catholism more favorable

44
Q

Council of Trent

A

curtailed selling of church offices, stopped selling indulgences, worship in vernacular

AP Euro (8 decks)

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