Unit 1 & 2 Flashcards
John Locke
Believed in the “Blank Slate”, people’s experiences determine if they are good or bad. He also believed in “Natural Rights”, Life, Liberty and Property.
Natural Rights
Life, Liberty and Property, coined by John locke
Absolutism
The belief in an absolute monarchy, where that king has total control over the government and their people.
Enlightenment
A philosophical (relating to the fundamentals of the nature of knowledge, reality, and existence) and political movements in the 1600s and 1700s.
Divine Right
The belief that God directly gave an absolute monarch the authority to rule
Absolute Monarchy
A government with total power/control
Limited Monarchy
A monarchy where the king or queen has to get approval for their decisions from Parliament. Commonly practiced in England
Absolutism
The acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.
Montesquieu
An enlightened philosopher who believed that every man in power would abuse it, so there should be a balance of power. Split into three branches.
The Branches of Government
The legislative Branch (To create laws), The Executive Branch (Enforces the laws), The Judicial Branch (Interprets the law)
Thomas Hobbes
An enlightened philosopher who believed that people were naturally evil. Supported absolute monarchies, believed that a strong king would maintain peace and prevent chaos.
Voltaire
An enlightened philosopher known as the father of “Freedom of Speech”
Rousseau
An enlightened philosopher who is known as the father of the social contract (The government and the people have an agreement).
Mary Wollstonecraft
The first woman that helped inspire women to fight for their rights. She wanted to be respected and have the ability to have an education.
Catherine the Great
An enlightened despot, had absolute power but gave people more rights, who made reforms in the justice system
