Nationalism Flashcards
Robespierre
The leader of the Committee of Public Safety and the Reign of Terror. He was executed by guillotine and his death signified the end of the Reign of Terror. Executed King Louis XVI.
The Reign of Terror
An era of the french revolution where many “enemies of the revolution” were killed by the guillotine. Led by the committee of Public Safety which was led by Maxamillion Robespiere.
Thomas Hobbes
An enlightened philosopher who believed that people were naturally evil. Supported absolute monarchies, believed that a strong king would maintain peace and prevent chaos.
John Locke
Believed in the “Blank Slate”, people’s experiences determine if they are good or bad. He also believed in “Natural Rights”, Life, Liberty and Property. AGAINST MONARCHS!
Montesquieu
An enlightened philosopher who believed that every man in power would abuse it, so there should be a balance of power. Split into three branches.
- The legislative Branch (To create laws) - The Executive Branch (Enforces the laws) -The Judicial Branch (Interprets the law)
Rousseau
An enlightened philosopher who is known as the father of the social contract (The government and the people have an agreement that their rights will be protected).
Nationalism
Strong pride and love for one’s nation can unite or split-up people
- Nationality/Ethnicity
- Language
- Culture
- History
- Religion
- Territory
Nationalistic Movements
- Haiti
- French Revolution
- Latin/South American Revolutions
- German Unification
- Italy Unification
- Russia
Nationalistic Movement: Haiti
Revolting against France: Wanted to end slavery
Nationalistic Movement: French Revolution
Napoleon used to rally France during the Napoleonic Wars
Nationalistic Movement: Latin/South American Revolutions
Against Spain: Wanted Independence
Nationalistic Movement: German Unification
Unified through War: “Blood and Iron”
Nationalistic Movement: Italy Unification
Unified through culture and war
Nationalistic Movement: Russia
Forced a return to Tradition through Nationalism
Congress of Vienna
An assembly in 1814–15 that reorganized Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. Returned the monarchs to power.
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Nationalist Revolutionary who fought to free Haiti from French oppression: To end slavery.
William Wilberforce
Abolished slavery in England.
Simon Bolivar
Led the Latin American independence movements in Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia against Spain.
Jose de San Martin
Leader of the Latin American Independence movement in El Salvador: Also against Spain
The Enlightenment
A philosophical (relating to the fundamentals of the nature of knowledge, reality, and existence) and political movements in the 1600s and 1700s.
Colonialism
The act of establishing colonies on different continents for the harvesting of natural resources.
Otto Von Bismarck
A German military leader who unified the German Kingdoms through the policy of “Blood and Iron”.
Giuseppe Garibaldi
One of the three leaders of the Italian Unification movement who led the Italian rebels in conquering the seven talian kingdoms. Known as “The Sword”.
Blood and Iron
Peace through war.
Austria-Hungary & Ottoman Empires
They dissolved into new countries: Weak leaders, corrupt government and nationalism.
