Unit 1 Flashcards
Polar
Water is polar and hydrophilic; it has one end with a slightly positive charge (hydrogen) and one with a slightly negative charge (oxygen)
Hydrogen Bonds
Form between hydrogen and oxygen atoms of two water molecules
Cohesion
Water sticks to water because of hydrogen bonds; produces surface tension
Adhesion
Water sticks to other polar substances (ie. water climbing up a paper towel)
Capillary Action
Cohesion and adhesion together causes water to move upwards in a narrow tube
Transpiration
Water evaporates from plant leaves
Evaporative Cooling
As water evaporates, it takes heat with it which cools the surface (ie. sweat cooling you)
Carbs Macros
CHO
Lipids Macros
CHO (a lot of H)
Protein Macros
CHON (sometimes S)
Nucleic Acid Macros
CHONP
Carbs Building Block
Monosaccharides
Lipids Building Block
Fatty acid & glycerol
Proteins Building Block
Amino Acids
Nucleic Acids Building Block
Nucleotides
Dehydration Synthesis
Creates polymers by linking monomers by removing water
Hydrolysis
Creates monomers by adding water to break polymers
Protein Primary Structure
Sequence of amino acids; like beads on a string
Protein Secondary Structure
Hydrogen bonding between the backbone, with an Alpha Helix
Protein Tertiary Structure
Three dimensional shape from R group interactions
Protein Quaternary Structure
Multiple polypeptides together
Structure
DETERMINES FUNCTION
R Groups
Determine structure (folding) and function
Nonpolar R Groups
Hydrophobic, inside protein
