Unit 1 Flashcards
What is the primary function of a microscope?
To magnify small objects for detailed observation.
True or False: Light microscopes use visible light to illuminate specimens.
True
What type of microscope is used to view the surface of a specimen in detail?
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Fill in the blank: The _____ microscope uses beams of electrons for high-resolution imaging.
Electron
Which part of the microscope is used to adjust the focus?
The fine focus knob and coarse focus knob
What is the purpose of the diaphragm in a microscope?
To control the amount of light reaching the specimen.
Define ‘resolution’ in the context of microscopy.
The ability to distinguish two close objects as separate.
What is the typical magnification range of a light microscope?
40x to 1000x
True or False: The higher the magnification, the better the resolution.
False
What type of cell lacks a nucleus?
Prokaryotic cell
What is the main component of the cell membrane?
Phospholipids
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the powerhouse of the cell.
Mitochondria
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Ribosomes
What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
To provide structure and support.
What type of microscope would you use to view live cells in real-time?
Phase-contrast microscope
True or False: All cells have a cell membrane.
True
What is the function of lysosomes?
To digest and break down waste materials in the cell.
What is the gel-like substance inside a cell called?
Cytoplasm
Which part of the microscope holds the slides in place?
Stage clips
What are the two main types of cells?
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
Define ‘magnification’.
The process of enlarging the appearance of an object.
What structure controls the movement of substances in and out of a cell?
Cell membrane
Fill in the blank: The _____ contains the genetic material of the cell.
Nucleus
What is the primary difference between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells do not.
