Unit 1(1.6)- Cell Metabolism Flashcards
What is metabolism?
All the enzyme-controlled reactions that occur in a cell at the same time.
What can all reactions in the cell be categorised into?
Anabolic or Catabolic
Describe anabolic pathways in terms of energy and what else they involve.
Requires energy.
Involves biosynthetic processes.
Describe catabolic pathways in terms of energy and what else they involve.
Release energy.
Involve the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules.
What is aerobic respiration and example of?
Catabolism.
What is a metabolic pathway?
A series of chemical reactions that follow on, one after the other.
What is each stage in the pathways controlled by?
An enzyme.
What do enzymes do to the Activation Energy?
Lowers it.
What does the substrate have an affinity to?
The active site of the enzyme.
What is induce fir?
When an enzyme and substrate bind, structural changes occur so that the active site fits precisely around the substrate, in other words the substrate causes the active site to change shape.
How do enzymes speed up reactions?
By orientating and them holding the reactants close together, and by reducing the activation energy.
What do inhibitors do to the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction?
Slow down the rate or bring it to a halt.
What are the three different ways that the control of metabolic pathways can be achieved?
Competitive Inhibition, Non-competitive Inhibition and Feedback Inhibition.
When does Competitive Inhibition occur?
When a molecule resembles the shape of the substrate compete with the substrate for the active site.
What does an activator do in Stimulation?
Can bind to the enzyme and stabilise the active form of the enzyme which increases the rate of the reaction.
