Unit 1 (1.1)- Division And Differentiation In Human Cells Flashcards
What three titles can cells be grouped into?
Somatic cells, Germline Cells and Stem cells
How many chromosomes to Somatic cells have?
Diploid (2 sets)
How do Somatic cells divide?
Mitosis
Why does differentiation happen?
As a result of the cell expressing the genes that are characteristic to that type of cell.
What three things to do Stem cells do?
Grow, repair and renew
Are Stem cells pluripotent or multipotent?
Multipotent
What does multipotent mean?
They have the ability to make all cell types found in a particular tissue type.
What is pluripotent?
The cells are able to make nearly all of the cell types in the body.
What is Differentiation?
When an unspecialised cell becomes specialised in structure and making them perfectly adapted for carrying out a particular function.
How many chromosomes do Germline cells have?
Diploid
What are Germline cells called in humans.
Gamete mother cells.
What can Germline cells divide by?
Mitosis to produce more diploid Germline cells.
Or
Meiosis to produce haploid gametes.
What happens to the mutations that occur in Germline cells?
They are passed on to offspring.
2 therapeutic uses of Stem cells.
Bone marrow transplants and skin grafts for burns.
Why do cancer cells form a tumour?
They do not respond to regulatory signals and as a result these cells divide to produce a mass of abnormal cells.
