UNIT 1: 1491 - EARLY SETTLEMENTS

Question 1

Southern Tribes

Answer 1

Indigenous tribes in S/central America, particularly Aztecs, Mayas, and Incas

Question 2

Northern tribes

Answer 2

Indigenous tribes in North America - more spread out and diverse according to specific environments/climates

Question 3

Spanish settlements

Answer 3

Entire west of South America, plus Mexico and modern-day California, Arizona, Texas (that region) + Florida

Question 4

Middle Colonies politics

Answer 4

• NY and NJ split for more power
• Pennsylvania frame of government + charter of liberties (first constitution / freedom of worship)

Question 5

South settlers

Answer 5

• French fur traders
• English
• Scottish-Irish
• Catholics seeking haven
• The first settlement in the US (Jamestown) was sponsored by the English crown because they thought colonies would be profitable

Question 6

Southern Colonies politics

Answer 6

• Georgia founded as buffer between English & Spanish
• Virginia House of Burgesses
• Acts of Toleration (for all Christians - later repealed by Protestants who disliked Catholics)

Question 7

New England religion

Answer 7

Protestants who were persecuted in England
- Separatists = pilgrims (want a whole new church) - settled in Plymouth colony
- Puritans = people who wanted to purify the church - settled in Massachusetts Bay Company, later them & separatists joined

Question 8

South religion

Answer 8

Mostly Anglican

Question 9

Conflict in New England

Answer 9

• Metacom’s War
• Old lights/new lights tensions
  (Old lights rejected the Great Awakening and believed in the authority of tradition, whereas New Lights believed that they could talk directly to God (without priests/ministers))

Question 10

Conflict in Middle Colonies

Answer 10

• Zenger’s case

Question 11

Conflict in S colonies

Answer 11

• Bacon’s Rebellion (small, struggling farmers attacked Natives who the governor of Virginia [William Berkely] wouldn’t protect them against)
• Maryland - Protestant Revolt (repealed Acts of Toleration)
• Slave protests

Question 12

Primogeniture

Answer 12

Estate being passed onto oldest son

Question 13

Encomienda system

Answer 13

The Spanish government provided land and Indians to Spanish settlers in the New World who were supposed to care for the Indians and convert them to Catholicism. The resulted in slavery for Native Americans, most of whom died from diseases and overwork.

Question 14

Protestant Revolution

Answer 14

Beginning in the early 1500s, the Protestant Reformation was a revolt against the authority of the Pope and established new versions of Christianity. It began in Germany but spread throughout the Roman Catholic Empire. Many of the new Christian sects sought refuge in the New World to escape persecution.

Question 15

French settlements

Answer 15

• Mostly along the St. Lawrence River (modern-day Quebec)
• Peaceful relations with natives
• Fur trade

Question 16

Glorious Revolution

Answer 16

A revolution in England that overthrew King James II and made the English government more democratic and less monarchial (ended the Dominion of new England)