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History > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Jamestown

A

first colony, high death rates, mostly “gentlemen” who were not fit to work

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2
Q

Labor options

A

Natives had experience with the land, settlers relied on them at first

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3
Q

early slavery

A

had similar rights as colonists, difficult to distinguish from indentured servants. many were given their freedom. slavery was not inherited

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4
Q

indentured servitude

A

most common, worked 1-7 yrs in exchange for free passage. poor Europeans looking for a fresh start. get land/tools at end of servitude

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5
Q

Stono rebellion

A

slaves gathered and raided a firearms shop and headed south, killing many whites. slaves tried to go to Florida, were captured before by the whites

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6
Q

negro act

A

limited slaves freedom

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7
Q

bacons rebellion

A

slaves, poor whites, and former indentured servants united and burned virigina over lack of protection from natives. showed masters that slavery was a better option

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8
Q

french and indian war

A

french and indians vs britain and colonies. british won, and the colonies were eager to fight for land. end of the war there were huge war debts

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9
Q

proclamation of 1763

A

british wanted to mend relationships with natives. no colonists could move west which upset the colonists because they felt like they had fought for the land. but the british felt like they couldn’t go into another war so they felt like they are helping the colonist

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10
Q

first continental congress

A

colonies decide not to buy any british goods until Intolerable Acts are appealed

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11
Q

Lexington and Concord

A

british massachusetts govt find out about the colonists stash of weapons and plans to confiscate them. Paul revere and other warn the people. boosts colonist morale

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12
Q

Second Continental congress

A

decoded that they needed a commander which was george washington. Olive Branch Petition: colonists still wanted to be part of the British, British threw it away, colonists trying to repair relationship

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12
Q

Battle of Bunker hill

A

americans have high ground, colonists have fort on hill, colonists win, deadliest battle for the British. boosts morale for colonists

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13
Q

common sense

A

written by thomas paine about the atrocities of the British questions monarchy, national unity, shifts mindset to independence

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14
Q

sugar act

A

listed more foreign goods to be taxed such as sugar, wines, coffee

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15
Q

stamp act

A

required a tax on every piece of paper they used

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16
Q

townshend act

A

taxes on glass, paint, oil, tea, paper, desgined to raise money for the administration of colonist. established the american board of customs commsisioners

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17
Q

boston massacre

A

50 colonists attacked a british sentinel, british soilders fired into the mob, killing 3 on the spot and wounding 8 others

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18
Q

the tea act

A

colonists had to buy tea from the british, competed with local buisness

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19
Q

boston tea party

A

colonists dumped tea into the ocean

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20
Q

intolerable acts (response to boston tea party)

A

boston port act: closed boston port
Massachusetts govt act: gov of mass brought under control of the british govt
administation of justice act: biased courts bc british soilders who were accused of harasisng colonists could go to court in britain
quartering act: soilders can demand residence in colonist homes

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21
Q

declaration of independence

A

goals: unite colonies, statement to king George, legitimacy to the world

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22
Q

Patriots

A

support independence, enlightenment thinkers

23
Q

loyalists

A

afraid of new gov, included native americans bc british said they’ll stop taking land, and some africans because they were promised freedom

24
Q

battle of saratoga

A

colonists win, shows french that colonists could win, french promise aid, send lafayette

25
Q

valley forge

A

winter, lack of food and warmth

26
Q

yorktown

A

cornwallis surrounded, british fail to send troops, french naval arrives, british realizes war is too costly

27
Q

articles of confederation

A

an alliance of 13 states, each with one vote, can’t tax, no common currency, no branch to enforce law, no national court, separate alliances

28
Q

constitutional convention

A

met to revise articles, decided to scrap and make new constitutions, biggest controversies included representation and slavery

29
Q

virgina plan

A

membership based on population, smaller states unhappy

30
Q

new jersey plan

A

proposed single house congress, each state gets one vote

31
Q

the great compromise

A

2 house congress, house of representatives-based on population, senate- based on equal representation

32
Q

3/5 compromise

A

south states want slaves to get more representation, north disagrees, decide each slave counts at 3/5 of a person

33
Q

federalism

A

power is split between national and state gov

34
Q

delegated power

A

national power

35
Q

reserved power

A

state power

36
Q

federalists

A

want strong central govt

37
Q

anti-federalists

A

want to protect individual and state rights

38
Q

1st amendment

A

freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition

39
Q

2nd amendment

A

right to bear arms

40
Q

3rd amendment

A

protection from quartering

41
Q

4th amendment

A

protection of unreasonable search and seizure

42
Q

5th amendment

A

due process for criminal proceedings, can’t be punished without trial and legal process

43
Q

6th amendment

A

public and speedy trial

44
Q

7th amendment

A

trial by jury for civil cases, no govt involvment, people vs people

45
Q

8th amendement

A

cruel and unusual punishment

46
Q

9th amendment

A

unnamed rights, constitution cannot be used as a weapond

47
Q

10th amendment

A

rights not listed in the constitution are reserved for states

48
Q

george washington

A

first prez, ratified bill of rights, creates first cabinet, creates national bank, stepped down after 2nd term

49
Q

washingtons farewell address

A

warns the dangers of political parties and entangling alliances

50
Q

john adams

A

barely wins election, XYZ affair- france attacks merchant ships, US sends delegates to france, french diplomats XYZ tries to bribe the US diplomats, Adams decided not to go to war with France

51
Q

alien and sedition acts

A

13 yrs to become citizen, president can deport foreigners during war, crime for citizens to print, alter, or publish false, scandalous or malicious writing about the govt

52
Q

midnight judges

A

adam tries to fill the surpreme court

53
Q

marbury vs madison

A

landmark case that established judicial review- supreme court reviews laws and rules whether or not they are constitutional

54
Q

election of 1800

A

jefferson vs adams, propaganda and smear campaigns, peace transition of power, adams served one term

55
Q

louisiana purchase

A

napoleon sold the louisiana territory to jefferson for 15 million, double uS size

56
Q
A

History (6 decks)

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