Immigration, Urbanization, and Progressive Movement Flashcards
Melting Pot
American culture is a mix of other cultures (abandoning native language + customs)
Push/Pull Factors
Push: factors that drive you out of a country/region
Pull: factors that motivate you to a country
Gentlemen’s Agreement
made agreement with Japan to stop segregating schools in return for skilled workers (not unskilled)
Nativism
favoritism toward native-born Americans
Chinese Exclusion Act
chinese accepted lower wages, less jobs, chinese, entry banned for 10 year, only rich/skilled chinese can enter
Triangle Factory Fire
fire that occurred at the triangle shirtwaist factory. started by a cigarette butt, killed 146
Ellis And Angel Island
places where immigrants went right when they arrived in America to go through the immigration process (SF and NYC)
What groups of immigrants came to US
chinese, japanese, european
what was the experience like for immigrants when they arrived at ellis or angel island
the process was long, got separated from family, and many could not pass due to health issues
Why did the immigrants come
for new opportunities or to escape issues in their countries
What struggles did immigration groups face
discrimination, hard to find jobs
How did the Americanization movement help and hurt immigrants
helped them fit in, took away their culture
political machine
organizations that controlled activities of a political party
tenement housing
multi-family dwellings, overcrowded and unsanitary
tweed ring scandal
William M. Tweed, head of tammany hall, took advantage of NY govt. Thomas Nast (muckraker) exposed scandal
Social Gospel Movement
protestant movement; salvation comes from service to the poor
settlement houses
inspired by social gospel movement; community centers in slum neighborhoods giving aid. mostly educated houses
Jane Addams
created settlement houses
grafting
political influence for personal gain
what struggles did people face living in the cities
poor housing, sanitation, water (spread disease), fires, and crime
how did the struggles with urbanization connect to immigration and industrialization
immigrants were the most affected by the struggles
how did the political machine gain the support of immigrants
spoke the languages, fixed their problems in return for loyalty
what methods did they use to rig elections
repeat voters, fake names, bribery
Muckrakers
journalists that exposed problems and led directly to new laws being created that helped our society fix urban problems and corruption
roosevelt
incredibly popular president, “square deal” program prompted many reforms, 3c’s (control the trusts, consumer protection, conservation) came into power after the assassination of McKinley
Taft
president right after roosevelt, tried to continue roosevelt’s campaign aganist trusts - conservation
The Jungle
novel by Upton Sinclair, written to exposed the meat-packing industry
Trust-busting
restrain/eliminate trusts, sherman antitrust act 1890: eliminated monopolies to increase competition
Tenement Housing Law
model housing code established for safety and sanitation
Pure food and drug act
passed after results from meat inspection act after the jungle, list ingredients, grades for meat, factory regulations
meat inspection act
authorized federal inspection of meat products
FTC
established federal trade commission act to oversee buisness activities
Keating-Owen
indirectly prohibited child labor
Federal Reserve Act
established federal reserve system to supervise banking and provide a national currency
john muir
“father of national parks”
16th amendment
gave govt the right to raise tax on income
17th amendment
mandated the direct popular election of senators
18th amendment
instituted prohibition (of alcohol)
19th amendment
established women’s suffrage
square deal
roosevelt’s 3C’s
1) control the trusts
2) consumer protections
3) conservation
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
american writer and activist, a leader of women’s rights movement NESA (founded by her a Susan B Anthony)
NAWSA
National American Women’s Suffrage Association
Susan B Anthony
american Women’s rights activist, leaf the NWSA w/ Stanton, tired to vote before the 19th amendment, sent to prison, told to pay a fine
Seneca Falls Convention
1848, first women’s rights convention in the US
Declaration of Sentiments
declaration of independence rewritten so women are included
what were the goals of the progressive movement
restore economic opportunities and correct injustices in American life
How did the Muckrakers influence and fuel this period of progressivism
they directly influenced the laws that were created to help fix urban problems and corruption.
How does this period of history address problems of industrialization?
People were fighting for better working conditions, better housing, and more, all problems of industrialization.
