Unit 1 Flashcards
biology
The scientific study of life
Science
the approach to understanding the living world
Inquiry
The search for info and explanation of natural phenomena
Hypothesis
An explanation based on observations and assumptions that lead to a testable prediction
Experiment
A scientific test carried out under controlled conditions
Data
recorded observations
Qualitative data
Words or descriptions
Quantitative data
Recorded measurements, organized into table and graphs
Inductive reasoning
generalizations drawn from observations
Deductive reasoning
conclude from general premises to specific predictions
Controlled experiment
compares the experimental group with a control group
Independent variable
the factor manipulate, x
Dependent variable
the effect of the manipulated factor
Theory
Broader than hypothesis. Can lead to a hypothesis. Supported by a lot of evidence
Biosphere
All life on Earth and the place it exists.
Ecosystems
All living things in a particular area, nonliving components like water, soil
Communities
the organisms inhabiting a specific ecosystem
Populations
All individuals of a species living in a specific area
organism
a living thing
emergent properties
the arrangement and interaction of parts within a system and nonbiological entities.
reductionism
the approach that reduces complex systems to simpler components
Systems biology
the exploration of a biological system by analyzing the interactions in its parts.
cell
smallest unit of life and performs all activities needed to live
eukaryotic cell
It contains a membrane-enclosed organelles, including a DNA-containing nucleus
prokaryotic cell
the lack of a nucleus or other membrane bound organelles
DNA
the genetic material
genes
the units of inheritance
gene expression
the process of converting info from a gene to its cellular product
genome
the entire set of genetic instructions
genomics
the study of sets of genes within and between species
proteomics
the study of sets of proteins and their properties
proteome
the entire set of proteins expressed by a cell, tissue, organism
bioinformatics
the use of computational tools to store, organize, and analyze the huge volume of data
climate change
the directional change in global climate that lasts 3 decades or more
evolution
a process of biological change in which organisms gradually accumulate differences from their ancestors to adapt to their environments
Domain Eukarya
all eukaryotic organisms, include plants, fungi, animals
natural selection
the primary cause of descent with modification
