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Astronomy > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Ursa Major

A

big dipper, No bright star

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2
Q

Ursa Minor

A

little dipper, Polaris

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3
Q

Casiopeia

A

the queen in chair, no bright star

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4
Q

Cepheus

A

The king in house, no bright star

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5
Q

Perseus

A

the warrior holding a staff, bright star Algol

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6
Q

Lyra

A

the harp, bright star Vega

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7
Q

Andromeda & Pegasus

A

Upside down horse, no bright star

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8
Q

Aquila

A

the eagle shaped like a glider, bright start Altair

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9
Q

Cygnus

A

the swan shaped like a cross, bright star Deneb

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10
Q

What is the name of the North Star

A

Polaris

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11
Q

Rotation

A

spinning on an imaginary axis

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12
Q

Tilt

A

The earth is tilted to 23 1/2 degrees

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13
Q

Seasons

A

The tilt of the Earth makes the sun hit at different directions and intensities

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14
Q

Vernal Equinox

A

March 21, sun directly above the equator

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15
Q

Summer Solstice

A

June 21, Sun directly above the Tropic of Cancer

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16
Q

Autumnal Equinox

A

September 23, Sun above equator

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17
Q

Winter Solstice

A

December 21, sun above tropic of capricorn

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18
Q

Northern Hemisphere summer

A

is between vernal and autumnal (opposite for southern)

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19
Q

Period

A

time required to complete a cycle

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20
Q

How long is Earths period of rotation

A

24 hours, one day

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21
Q

Earths axis points to what

A

Polaris

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22
Q

How long is Earth’s period of revolution

A

365 1/4 days

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23
Q

refraction

A

When light changes direction as it passes from different mediums

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24
Q

Refracting telescopes

A

large lens focuses light, then magnified by the second lens

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25
Q

Chromatic aberration

A

each color of light bends different when it goes through glass

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26
Q

Majority of large telescopes

A

are reflecting nor refracting

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27
Q

Who made the first reflecting telescope

A

Isaac Newton

28
Q

Telescope

A

made from a concave mirror causing the light to focus

29
Q

spherical aberration

A

problems occur when concave mirror is cut into a spherical surface.

30
Q

Charge coupled device

A

sensitive light detector made from silicon wafer and can produce extreme detail (CCD)

31
Q

radio telescope

A

parabolic dish that reflects radio waves to focus

32
Q

Transparency

A

how clear the sky is

33
Q

Seeing

A

turbulence in upper atmosphere

34
Q

best way to obtain astronomical data

A

from space

35
Q

photon

A

tiny packet of energy

36
Q

electromagnetic waves

A

light, vibrating electrons in atoms

37
Q

electrons

A

jump from energy levels to create photons

38
Q

electromagnetic spectrum

A

arranged EMs (electromagnetic waves) in order of energy and as the frequency gets higher, the wavelength gets shorter

39
Q

Order of electromagnetic waves in increasing energy

A

radio waves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays,
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet
big waves to small tighter waves

40
Q

t/f all electromagnetic waves travel at 300,000 km/sec in a vacuum

A

true

41
Q

What causes electromagnetic radiation

A

vibrating electrons in an atom

42
Q

astronomical unit AU

A

Earth to sun distance

43
Q

light year

A

distance= speed *time, distance light travels in a year

44
Q

parsec

A

about 3.26 light years

45
Q

T/F
The number of times you will orbit the Sun in your lifetime will be the same as the number of days in your life.

A

false

46
Q

Who was the first person to realize that mirrors could be used to construct a telescope?

A

Isaac Newton

47
Q

What causes the earth to have seasons?

A

The tilt of Earth’s axis allows direct sunlight to hit different places throughout the year.

48
Q

t/f The biggest telescopes in use today are refracting telescopes.

A

false

49
Q

The distance from the earth to the Sun has been called

A

the astronomical unit

50
Q

t/f All types of electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum.

A

true

51
Q

The apparent daily motion of the Sun, Moon, and stars from east to west is caused by

A

Earth’s rotation

52
Q

What is the best way to obtain astronomical data?

A

use a telescope in space

53
Q

What is a tiny bundle of electromagnetic energy called?

A

photon

54
Q

t/f Reflecting telescopes often suffer from spherical aberration.

A

true

55
Q

t/f Light leaving the earth would take a little more than one second to reach the Moon, 400,000 km away.

A

true

56
Q

How fast do radio waves travel?

A

300,000 km/s

57
Q

Match the bright star with the appropriate constellation.
Polaris

A

Ursa Minor

58
Q

Match the bright star with the appropriate constellation.
Vega

A

Lyra

59
Q

Match the bright star with the appropriate constellation.
Algol

A

Perseus

60
Q

Match the bright star with the appropriate constellation.
Altair

A

Aquila

61
Q

Match the bright star with the appropriate constellation.
Deneb

A

Cygnus

62
Q

Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the most energy?

A

ultraviolet

63
Q

Two types of telescopes are

A

refracting and reflecting

64
Q

t/f The amount of light collected by a telescope is proportional to the area of its aperture.

A

true

65
Q

On March 21 the Sun is directly above which location?

A

the Equator

66
Q

t/f The Hubble Space Telescope gives us much better images than Earth-based telescopes because it is much larger than Earth-based telescopes.

A

false

Astronomy (8 decks)

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