Unit 1 Flashcards
Jamestown had the first ________
Joint stock company
Virginia was founded mainly for what reason?
Economic prosperity
Puritans migrated because _________
- they wanted freedom of religion
- their economy was suffering
The Encomienda system is
Native Americans can be enslaved as long as they were christianized
What was the first successful British settlement?
Jamestown
What did Maryland, Virginia, the Carolina’s, and Georgia have in common?
They all relied on a single cash crop
Puritans accepted the idea of _______
A covenant with God
King Phillips war resulted in _______
Lasting defeat of the New England tribes
The New England Confederation was
Designed to bolster colonial defense. Consisted of Massachusetts bay, Connecticut Plymouth, and new haven to protect from outside attacks.
The Dominion of New England was
A brief experiment by James the 2 by combining into larger administrative units and getting rid of their representative assemblies in order to get more royal control. It included the New England colonies. Ended after the glorious revolution.
You got into the Puritan church by _____ (halfway covenant)
Being a baptized child of a baptized person
Where did the first African Americans come?
Virginia
Why did the Dutch settle in the americas?
To expand commercial and mercantile network
Where was slavery legal?
Everywhere
What was the Mayflower compact?
Early written constitution, establishing the powers and duties of the government.
-majority rule
What is the difference between a charter and a constitution?
A charter is a document granting special privileges from the English monarch.
A constitution grants rights within the colonies
What was the Bacon’s rebellion?
Led by Nathaniel Bacon, encouraged western farmers to rebel against Sir William Berkley's government (policies that favored large planters and antagonized western farmers cuz he failed to protect them from Indian attacks). Conducted series of raids and massacres against Indian villages on frontier (Virginia). Managed to defeat governors forces and burn Jamestown settlement. It highlighted sharp class differences and introduced colonial resistance to royal control.
What was king Phillips war?
King Phillip ( the chief of the Wampanoag tribe) united tribes against intruding English settlers. Colonial forces defeated them and Native American resistance was gone.
I’m which colony(s) was the governor elected by the people ALONG WITH white male property owners?
Rhode Island and Connecticut
Define and give an example of a proprietary colony
A proprietary colony was under the authority of individuals that were granted charters of ownership by the king.
Ex: Maryland, Pennsylvania
What is a corporate colony?
Colonies operated by joint stock companies (Jamestown)
In what colonies were governors appointed by the crown?
New York and Virginia
What was the role of the average colonial wife?
Housework, education, and working with their husbands. Mutual dependence prevented divorce.
Explain the colonial social classes
Social class system was based in economics with wealthy landowners at the top and common people (small farm owners and craftsman) made up the majority.
New England’s economy was based upon _________
Logging, fishing, rum making, trading, ships etc.
Congregationalists were _______
Successors to the puritans, viewed by the Protestants as overly domineering and complex
Who were Jonathan Edwards and George whitefield?
Reverends in the great awakening that put emphasis on Hell and how belief in God and his saving grace could spare you.
What was the difference between the Old lights and New lights around the time of the great awakening?
The new lights supported Presbyterian and congregational teachings, while old lights disapproved.
What are some of the ways the Great Awakening had an effect on the colonies’ development as their own country?
-all colonists, despite national origins, shared a common experience/ belief as Americans
-democratizing effect by changing the way that the colonists viewed authority
“If we can make our own religious decisions, why not political as well?”
How did education vary between New England, the middle colonies, and the southern colonies?
New England: religious education led to the first tax driven schools, and grammar schools to prepare boys for college.
Middle: church sponsored or private, teachers lived with the families of their students
Southern: homeschooled kids to give them whatever education. they could.
What was the Zenger case and why was it significant?
Peter Zenger criticized New York’s governor and was put on trial. The English law said that injuring a governors reputation was a criminal act, put the jury ignored this and voted to acquit Zenger. This, although not garunteeing complete freedom of press, encouraged newspapers to take greater risks in expressing their beliefs.
What were the two houses in colonial government and how were they decided?
Legislature consisted of upper and lower house. Lower house was elected by qualifying individuals, and voted for or against new taxes. Colonists became upcast ones to this and refused to pay anything that the legislature didn’t approve. The upper house was appointed by the king or proprietor.
