Unit 1

Question 1

biography/autobiography

belief system

other works

Question 2

year

significant events/circumstances

drafts/changes/aspect/effect

representative

You should not assume that all works are
confessional, biographical, or even “true to life.”

A literary text is according to the author’s
perspective and will be heavily influenced by him
or her, but it is not the only way of studying
literature.

Question 3

understand the social, economic, political, and
cultural forces affecting the work that you are
reading.

Analyzing the sociocultural context of the text makes
you examine the role of the audience (readers) in
shaping literature.

Question 4

relationship between the characters or
the speakers in the text and their society

text explicitly address issues of gender,
race, or class/text resolve these issues

power, without power, reason of power

reflect the nation, what is says about country and inhabitants

economic or social power/oppression or class struggle/overcome/money or finances

prevailing social order/ accept or challenge

Question 5

Literary Theories

Answer 5

Marxism
Feminism
Queer Theory
Historicism
Postcolonialism
New Historicism

Question 6

Literature shows class struggle and
materialism. Thus, it looks into the
social classes portrayed in the work.

Answer 6

Marxism

Question 7

perspective examines the
role of the women in the literature.

Answer 7

Feminism

Question 8

The queer perspective is concerned
with the queer or the third gender
(LGBT).

Answer 8

Queer Theory

Question 9

a perspective dealing
with the history that influenced the
writing of literature.

Answer 9

Historicism

Question 10

a literary
perspective that looks into the
changes in the attitude of the post
colonies after the colonial period.

Answer 10

Postcolonialis
m

Question 11

It focuses not only on the history
when the literary text was written, but
also how the history happened.

Answer 11

New
Historicism

Question 12

diction/choice of words
syntax/use of sentences, clauses, phrases, line cuts, etc.
figurative language
mood and tone
overall structure
content

Question 13

striking words/nfamiliar words/attention attracted words/dramatic words

prominant noun/concrete or abstract/verbs/use common words or lofty diction/short words or long words/word with tow or more words

sentences in the usual order subject-predicate/dependent clauses/independent clauses/restructure/activee or passive/rhythm in relation to length

literary devices/images

tone/negative or postive

structure/narrative/linear or nonlinear/point of view/poem/type of poem

language, theme

what it says in general

may not follow grammatical rules

characteristics of the language

Question 14

literary apporaches focusing on language

Answer 14

structuralism
formalism/new criticism
poststructuralism

Question 15

relays the texts being
examined to a larger structure.

Answer 15

Structuralism

Question 16

a school of literary
criticism and literary theory that
focuses on the structure of a
particular text

Answer 16

Formalism/new criticism

Question 17

In the linguistic context, there may
be underlying structures that may
have different interpretations based
on how the words or phrases were
used in the text.

Answer 17

Poststructuralis
m

Question 18

text says

Answer 18

restatement

Question 19

text does

Answer 19

description

Question 20

text means

Answer 20

interpretation

Question 21

Before you begin reading the text, preview it by gathering
important information about it.

Who wrote the text? What are the author’s other works?

Where and when was the text published? What were the major
events around the time the text was written or published?

What can you infer about the text based on the title?

What seems to be the general progression or organization of ideas
based on the chapter titles or section headings and subheadings?

What is your purpose for reading the text?

Answer 21

Previewing

Question 22

involves highlighting or making notes of
important ideas in the text.

With a pencil or a pen in hand, underline important ideas such
as the thesis, topic sentences, and key concepts. Also,
highlight unfamiliar words so you can look them up later.

Make notes such as questions and comments or responses on
the margins as you read.

Develop a symbol system. You may draw symbols to mark
important words

Answer 22

Annotating

Question 23

you consider the historical,
cultural, or biographical context of the text.

Answer 23

Contextualizin

Question 24

you identify the basic structure of the
text and make connections between those ideas.

Answer 24

Outlining

Question 25

allows you to present your
understanding of the text by reviewing and synthesizing
important ideas, and then restating them in your own words.

Answer 25

Summarizing

Question 26

deals with examining the information
presented to support the author’s argument(s).

Is there enough evidence to support the author’s argument?
Does the evidence relate to and support the thesis or the main
point the author is trying to convey?

Are the pieces of evidence relevant, credible, and up-to-date?

Are the sources of information credible?

Why did the author take that particular position? What is the
author’s background that may have led to or influenced his or
her position?

Answer 26

Analyzing

Question 27

requires a repeated examination of the text
to enable you to improve your comprehension of the text
and to identify ideas that you may not have noticed in
initial reading.

Answer 27

Rereading

Question 28

to the text means drawing meaning from
what you have read and presenting it in writing or talking
about it to others.

Answer 28

Responding

Question 29

Critical Reading Strategies

Answer 29

Previewing

Annotating

Contextualizing

Outlining & Summarizing

Analyzing

Rereading

Responding