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Social Psychology 390 200 > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

5 Minute College

A

5 minute college is run by a priest, costs $20, and takes 5 minutes to get your degree. 5 minute college allows you to have the experience and gives you the knowledge a college student still has after 5 years after they have graduated. You learn a foreign language, economics, theory of religion, go on spring break, take your “final”, and take a picture in your cap and gown.

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2
Q

Ethics of Scientific Psychology

A

Informed consent
Confidentiality
Privacy
Benefits
Deception

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3
Q

Trepan

A

Man came up with a theory that drilling holes into your head will allow blood flow into the brain, causing higher brain function and a high. This led to an occult following, leading even John Lenan to consider Trepanation despite being widely disregarded by scientists. Some of the “patients” or victims want to use it to get high, while others want to use it to treat their mental illnesses or addictions. The “patients” are supposed to do “self trepanation” with the guidance, help, and experience of the man and an EMT. Despite the complications that arise with Heather’s procedure, some of the patients still wanted to follow through with Trepanation.

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4
Q

Social Psychology

A

The scientific study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others (real, implied, or imagined).

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5
Q

Kurt Lewin’s 3 Big Ideas Triangle

A

COMPLEX - PERSON - SITUATION

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6
Q

Hindsight Bias

A

“I knew” once something happens, it changes the way you view it

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7
Q

Anecdotal Evidence

A

Using systematic observation over opinion. Evidence in the form of stories that people tell about what has happened to them

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8
Q

Scientific Method

A

Observing the world for questions
Making a hypothesis
Operationalize the variables

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9
Q

Independent Variable (IV)

A

The manipulated variable. Measure its effects on the dependent variable.

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10
Q

Dependent Variable

A

The non-manipulated variable

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11
Q

Confound

A

Internal validity

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12
Q

Bias of Judger

A

There is bias with every judgment

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13
Q

Bias of participants/Placebo effect

A

Double-blind technique

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14
Q

Complex Experimental Design

A

Experiments with multiple independent and/or dependent variables (2 or more)

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15
Q

Social Neuroscience

A

An interdisciplinary field concerned with identifying the neural processes underlying social behavior and cognition

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16
Q

Correlation does

A

NOT EQUAL CAUSALITY

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17
Q

Field Experiment

A

Like a lab experiment except it uses real-world situations
People in field experiments do not know they are participating in research

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18
Q

Naturalistic Observation

A

Unobtrusively watching people as they go about their lives

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19
Q

Experience Sampling Methods

A

longitudinal research methodology that involves asking participants to report on their thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and/or environment on multiple occasions over time.

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20
Q

Survey Research

A

A method of research that involves administering a questionnaire to respondents in person, by telephone, through the mail, or over the internet

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21
Q

Implicit association test (IAT)

A

A computer-based categorization task that measures the strength of association between specific concepts over several trials.

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22
Q

Priming

A

The process by which exposing people to one stimulus makes certain thoughts, feelings or behaviors more salient.

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23
Q

Terror Management Theory

A

A theory that proposes that humans manage the anxiety that stems from the inevitability of death by embracing frameworks of meaning such as cultural values and beliefs.

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24
Q

Manipulation Check

A

A measure used to determine whether or not the manipulation of the independent variable has had its intended effect on the participants

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25
Q

Social or Behavioral Priming

A

A field of research that investigates how the activation of one social concept in memory can elicit changes in behavior, physiology, or self-reports of a related social concept without conscious awareness.

26
Q

Archival Evidence

A

The examination of archives, statistics, and other records such as speeches, letters, or even tweets

27
Q

Correlational Research

A

A type of descriptive research that involves measuring the association between two variables, or how they go together.

28
Q

Theory of Mind

A

The human capacity to understand minds, a capacity that is made up of a collection of concepts (e.g., agent, intentionality) and processes (e.g., goal detection, imitation, empathy, perspective taking).

Human behavior is interpreted as perceptions of agents who can act intentionally and who have desires, beliefs, and other mental states that guide their actions

29
Q

Mimicry

A

Copying others’ behavior, usually without awareness.

30
Q

Automatic Empathy

A

A social perceiver unwittingly taking on the internal state of another person, usually because of mimicking the person’s expressive behavior and thereby feeling the expressed emotion

31
Q

Visual Perspective Taking

A

Can refer to visual perspective taking (perceiving something from another person’s spatial vantage point) or more generally to effortful mental state inference (trying to infer the other person’s thoughts, desires, emotions)

32
Q

Folk Explanations of Behavior

A

People’s natural explanations for why somebody did something, felt something, etc. (differing substantially for unintentional and intentional behaviors).

33
Q

Attributions

A

Explaining another’s behavior

34
Q

Disposition

A

Something about the person’s character or personality

35
Q

Situational

A

Something about the situation or circumstance

36
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE)

A

We tend to ignore the situation too much and go with dispositional explanations for behavior

37
Q

Individualistic VS Collectivist Cultures

A

People in collectivist cultures aren’t quick to judgment and don’t focus on the individual

38
Q

Lying 1 & 2

A

A little girl and her mother are at a cafe. Her mother receives a gift, the same as one she had gotten the day before and called ugly and disgusting. Her daughter has been told not to lie and has to speak up when her mother lies and says she likes the present.

Children were sat with a toy behind their back, told not to peek, before the adult leaves the room. Most of the time, the child looked, and when asked, lied saying they hadn’t looked. Once given bitter chocolate, the children are asked to lie and say it tastes good. The children 5+ were more easily able to lie than the 3yos.

39
Q

Confess

A

Ed Garett was accused of murdering his daughter. After being lied to and interrogated for HOURS, they convince him that he is guilty and had him arrested. It turns out that her wounds didn’t match his confession.

40
Q

Moral Neuroscience Video

A

Lady goes over the dilemma of understanding other’s values in varying age groups (3, 5, 7, and adult). Younger children weren’t able to understand other’s values while the older ones did. With the use of a magnetic (?) pulse, people showed to be more sympathetic after having the pulse targeted at their head.

41
Q

Intrapersonal Topics

A

Emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition (the ways in which we think about ourselves and others).

42
Q

Interpersonal Topics

A

Helping behavior, aggression, prejudice and discrimination, attraction and close relationships, and group processes and intergroup relationships.

43
Q

Reasons for Conformity

A

Normative Influence
Informational Influecne

44
Q

Normative Influence

A

Conformity that results from a concern for what other people think of us

45
Q

Informational Influence

A

Conformity that results from a concern to act in a socially approved manner as determined by how others act

46
Q

Descriptive Norm

A

The perception of what most people do in a given situation

47
Q

Obedience

A

Responding to an order or command from a person in a position of authority.

48
Q

Asch

A

A coffee shops asks that people sing their order because of “national singing day” and most people did. Some people refused. We then see the line test experiment is done. One of the three students didn’t conform

49
Q

Milgram 1 & 2

A

The first man refused to continue after hearing the learner request to be let out. The second man laughed as he gave the shocks. 14/40 showed nervous laughter and smiling. Milgram would insist that the experiment be continued.

50
Q

Ostracism

A

Excluding one or more individuals from a group by reducing or eliminating contact with the person, usually by ignoring, shunning, or explicitly banishing them

51
Q

Social Facilitation

A

Improvement in task performance that occurs when people work in the presence of other people

52
Q

Evaluation Apprehension

A

When we feel that our individual performance will be known to others, and those others might judge it negatively

53
Q

Social Loafing

A

The reduction of individual effort exerted when people work in groups compared with when they work alone

54
Q

Group Polarization

A

The tendency for members of a deliberating group to move to a more extreme position, with the direction of the shift determined by the majority or average of the members’ pre deliberation preferences.
Increased prejudice and radicalization

55
Q

Common Knowledge Effect

A

The tendency for groups to spend more time discussing information that all members know (shared information) and less time examining information that only a few members know (unshared).

56
Q

Group Think

A

A set of negative group-level processes, including illusions of invulnerability, self-censorship, and pressures to conform, that occur when highly cohesive groups seek concurrence when making a decision

57
Q

Group-level factors that combine to cause groupthink

A

Cohesion
Isolation
Biased Leadership
Decisional Stress

58
Q

Cohesion

A

Groupthink only occurs in cohesive groups

59
Q

Isolation

A

Groupthink groups too often work behind closed doors, keeping out of the limelight

60
Q

Biased Leadership

A

A biased leader who exerts too much authority over group members can increase conformity pressures and railroad decisions.

61
Q

Decisional Stress

A

Groupthink becomes more likely when the group is stressed, particularly by time pressures

62
Q

Dominant Response

A

If a task is easy for the person, then the dominant response will be the correct one

Social Psychology 390 200 (4 decks)

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