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AP Human Geography > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

GPS

A

Systems that use satellites to determine exact location and coordinates
Useful for locating precise borders, mapping lines or points, and navigation

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2
Q

Remote Sensing

A

Using cameras on aircraft or satellites to take digital images or videos or earth
Useful for land and environmental applications, weather, and distribution of spatial phenomena

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3
Q

Community-based Solution

A

A solution that helps a specific community with a specific problem and is targeted to help that community

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4
Q

Geovisualizations

A

2D or 3D interactive maps that allow you to zoom in and zoom out and see the data in many different ways
They help us see and understand the world better
Seeing the world in these ways helps us to solve problems

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5
Q

GIS

A

System that stores layers of maps with varied information
Allows you to look at multiple aspects of a region
Useful for analyzing crime scene data, analyzing travel times, and planning urban area

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6
Q

Smartphone and Computer Applications

A

Apps that use locational data from personal devices

Suggestions for best routes, stores, restaurants, or or contact tracing

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7
Q

Plat maps

A

Show and label land ownership and property lines

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8
Q

Isoline maps

A

Use lines to indicate regions with certain statistics

Usually topographic maps (used by hikers)

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9
Q

Topographic maps

A

Maps that show elevation

Popular among hikers

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10
Q

Cartogram

A

Sizes are shown based on a certain statistic

Allow data to be easily compared

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11
Q

Cartographic scale

A

The way a map refers to the ratio of the scale

Can be many different formats

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12
Q

Small-scale maps

Large-scale maps

A

Show a larger amount of area with less detail

Show a smaller area with more detail

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13
Q

Latitude

Longitude

A

North-South

East-West

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14
Q

Spatial data (Geospatial data)

A

Information that can be tied to specific locations

Locations of things and human activities

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15
Q

Spatial Approach

A

Considering arrangement of spatial phenomena
Looking at location, distance, direction
Looking in-depth at human movements and perceptions

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16
Q

Site

A

The characteristics at the immediate location

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17
Q

Situation

A

Characteristics of a location relative to its surroundings

18
Q

Toponyms

A

Place names that can give an idea about the geography or characteristics of a place
Can be deceiving and controversial

19
Q

Flow

A

Patterns and movement of people and phenomena

20
Q

Friction of distance

A

When things are farther apart, their connection tends to lessen

21
Q

Distance decay

A

The inverse relationship between distance and connectivity

22
Q

Sustainability

A

Trying to bring places to a level where they can have resources for the future and reduce impact on the environment

23
Q

Sustainability’s Three Pillars

A

Environmental, social, economical

If these three factors are at a sustainable level, the place is sustainable and will be able to thrive for some time

24
Q

Social Pillar

A

Humans have basic needs that require resources. When consumers in a place make certain resources of value, they help choose which resources that place uses. When there is a stable selection of resources that satisfy the consumers, a place is socially stable

25
Q

Scale of Analysis

A

Refers to what is being shown on the map

General area

26
Q

Graphs and other visuals (Scale of Analysis)

A

You can use scale of analysis on these as well by using more generalized or more specified data on a graph
How zoomed in or close you are in an image

27
Q

Scale of Data

A

Level of detail of the data shown on the map

28
Q

Functional Regions (Nodal Regions)

A

Organized around a focal point and are defined by an activity
Airports, football stadiums, pizza places

29
Q

Formal Regions

A

United by one or more characteristics

Political, physical, cultural, economic

30
Q

Perceptual Regions

A

Regions that are formed by human sense of place
No formal boundaries
Perception is different for everyone

31
Q

Subregions

A

Regions that are further divided by defining characteristics

32
Q

Thematic Maps

A

Show distribution of quantifiable data

33
Q

Reference Maps

A

Show boundaries and place names, physical and man-made features

34
Q

Mercator Projection

A

Preserves shape

Distorts size

35
Q

Gall-Peters Projection

A

Preserves size

Distorts shape

36
Q

Robinson Projection

A

Compromise projection

37
Q

Goodes-Homolisine Projection

A

Preserves size and shape

Distorts oceans

38
Q

Online mapping and visualization

A

Online maps to analyze data

Used by governments, private companies, universities, research facilities

39
Q

Field Observations

A

Studies done and recorded in the field

40
Q

Time-Space Compression

A

The reduction of time it takes for something to travel

Makes places feel closer

41
Q

Environmental Determinism

A

Says that the environment is the big thing determining human lifestyle and success

42
Q

Possibilism

A

Says that humans have and culture have a big influence and we can overcome environmental challenges

AP Human Geography (4 decks)

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