Unit 1 Flashcards
is water polar or non-polar
polar
what can hydrogen bonding result in
cohesion and adhesion
cohesion
water sticks to itself
adhesion
water adheres to a substance other than itself
ions/polar substances ___ in water and are hydrophilic or hydrophobic
they dissolve in water and are hydrophilic
non-polar substances ___ in water and are hydrophilic or hydrophobic
they don’t dissolve in water and are hydrophobic
acids
Have a pH less than 7; as the pH goes down the H+ goes up
bases
pH greater than 7; as the pH goes up the H+ goes down
one unit on the pH scale means
the H+ changes by a factor of 10
major elements of all organic compounds
CHON PS (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur)
what are in all organic compounds
C and H
Elements of carbs
CHO (1:2:1)
elements of Lipids
CHO (less O than carbs)
elements in proteins
CHON (s)
elements in nucleic acids
CHONP
dehydration
synthesis of polymers; removes water
hydrolysis
breaking down a polymer; adds water
carb monomer
monosaccharide
saturated fat
saturated with H bonds
unsaturated fat
1 + double bonds, have less H atoms, and cannot pack together
protein monomer
amino acids
what are the parts of an amino acid
amino group, side chain, carboxyl group
what makes amino acids unique
R group- side chain
primary
unique sequence of aa
secondary
3D shape due to H bonds between parts of aa backbone
tertiary
globular shape due to R group interactions
quaternary
association of 2+ polypeptide chains
what are the parts of a nucleotide
5 C sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
