Transport Flashcards
what can easily pass through membrane
small, non-polar molecules
what can’t pass through membrane and needs helps
large, polar molecules and ions
how does water pass through membrane
aquaporins because it is small and polar
passive transport
no energy expended by the cell; substances move down their concentration gradient from high to low
simple diffusion
no transport molecule needed
facilitated diffusion
ion channels/carrier proteins
osmosis
facilitated transport of water down its concentration gradient (where there is a higher conc of solute) through aquaporins
active transport
energy expended by the cell (ATP) and substances move up their conc gradient
hypertonic
more solute conc than internal environment
hypotonic
less solute conc than internal environment
ideal tonicity for plants
hypotonic
ideal tonicity for animals
isotonic
