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Middlebury Spanish 1 > Unit 08 - Las estaciones y los números (Seasons and Numbers) - Grammar > Flashcards

Unit 08 - Las estaciones y los números (Seasons and Numbers) - Grammar Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the endings for -er verbs?

yo - nosotros, nosotras -

tú - vosotros, vosotras -

él, ella, usted (Ud.) - ellos, ellas, ustedes (Uds.) -

A

what are the endings for -er verbs?

yo -o nosotros, nosotras -emos

tú -esvosotros, vosotras -éis

él, ella, usted (Ud.) -e ellos, ellas, ustedes (Uds.) -en

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2
Q

what are the endings for -ir verbs?

yo - nosotros, nosotras -

tú - vosotros, vosotras -

él, ella, usted (Ud.) - ellos, ellas, ustedes (Uds.) -

A

what are the endings for -ir verbs?

yo -o nosotros, nosotras -imos

tú -esvosotros, vosotras -ís

él, ella, usted (Ud.) -e ellos, ellas, ustedes (Uds.) -en

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3
Q

What are interrogatives?

A

What are interrogatives?

Interrogatives are question words that ask for information such as who, what, when, where, and why.

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4
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

qué

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

qué

what

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5
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

quién

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

quién

who

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6
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

por qué

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

por qué

why

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7
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cuándo

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cuándo

when

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8
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

dónde

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

dónde

where

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9
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cómo

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cómo

how

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10
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cuál

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cuál

which

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11
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cuánto, cuánta

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cuánto, cuánta

how much

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12
Q

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cuántos, cuántas

A

Translate the following question word (interrogative):

cuántos, cuántas

how many

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13
Q

What is the plural form of quién?

A

What is the plural form of quién?

quiénes

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14
Q

What is the plural form of cuál?

A

What is the plural form of cuál?

cuáles

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15
Q

Which Spanish question word has two singular forms, and two plural forms?

A

Cuánto, cuánta, cuántos, cuántas

cuánto - singular, masculine

cuánta - singular, feminine

cuántos - plural, masculine

cuántas - plural, feminine

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16
Q

Translate to English:

¿Quién es él?

A

Translate to English:

¿Quién es él?

Who is he?

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17
Q

Translate to English:

¿Quiénes son ellos?

A

Translate to English:

¿Quiénes son ellos?

Who are they?

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18
Q

Put the proper form of the word Cuánto in the following sentences and then translate to English.

¿Cuánt__ personas?

A

Put the proper form of the word Cuánto in the following sentences and then translate to English.

¿Cuánt__ personas?

¿Cuántas personas?

How many people?

* Personas is feminine and plural, so you must use the plural feminine form of the question word, cuántas

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19
Q

Put the proper form of the word Cuánto in the following sentences and then translate to English.

¿Cuánt__ dinero?

A

Put the proper form of the word Cuánto in the following sentences and then translate to English.

¿Cuánt__ dinero?

¿Cuánto dinero?

How much money?

* dinero is masculine and singular, so you must use the singular masculine form of the question word, cuánto

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20
Q

Put the proper form of the word Cuánto in the following sentences and then translate to English.

¿Cuánt__ comida?

A

Put the proper form of the word Cuánto in the following sentences and then translate to English.

¿Cuánt__ comida?

¿Cuánta comida?

How much food?

* Comida is feminine and singular, so you must use the singular feminine form of the question word, cuánta

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21
Q

Put the proper form of the word Cuánto in the following sentences and then translate to English.

¿Cuánt__ rectángulos?

A

Put the proper form of the word Cuánto in the following sentences and then translate to English.

¿Cuánt__ rectángulos?

¿Cuántos rectángulos?

How many rectangles?

* Rectangles is masculine and plural, so you must use the plural masculine form of the question word, cuántos

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22
Q

Translate:

¿Cuánto cuesta?

A

Translate:

¿Cuánto cuesta?

How much does it cost?

23
Q

Fill in the blank:

¿ ___ dónde eres?

(From where are you?)

A

Fill in the blank:

¿ ___ dónde eres?

(Where are you from?)

¿De dónde eres?

*Note: prepositions like the Spanish word de (of, from) are never put at the end of a sentence in Spanish. This is also the case in formal English. This is why it is put at the beginning of the question, (From where are you? instead of, Where are you from?)

24
Q

What is the difference between

por qué

and

porque

A

What is the difference between

por qué and porque?

por qué is a question word that translates to “why?”

porque is a response word that translates to “because”

por qué = why

porque = because

25
Q

Fill in the blanks with either por qué or porque, then translate

¿ _____ quieres ir a California?

_____ mi madre vive ahí.

A

Fill in the blanks with either por qué or porque, then translate

¿ _____ quieres ir a California?

_____ mi madre vive ahí.

¿Por qué quieres ir a California?

Why do you want to go to California?

Porque mi madre vive ahí.

Because my mother lives there.

26
Q

Which format is correct for asking a question in Spanish?

¿Cuándo tú vas a la escuela?

or

¿Cuándo vas tú a la escuela?

A
27
Q

What’s the difference between the following phrases:

Estás enfermo.

and

¿Estás enfermo?

A

What’s the difference between the following phrases:

Estás enfermo.

and

¿Estás enfermo?

The first is a statement: You are sick.

The second is a question: Are you sick?

*Note: Simply change the intonation of your voice to change the phrase from a statement to a question if there is no subject present in the statement. Questions end with the voice rising a little.

28
Q

Change the following into a question.

Example:

Statement: Juan is tall.

Question: Is Juan tall?

Statement: Juan es alto.

Question: ?

A

Change the following into a question.

Example:

Statement: Juan is tall.

Question: Is Juan tall?

Statement: Juan es alto.

Question: ¿Es Juan alto?

Note: Like in English, you switch the prder of the verb and subject, placing the verb first, when asking a question with both a subject and a verb.

29
Q

Change the following into a question.

Example:

Statement: He is your brother.

Question: Is he your brother?

Statement: Es tu hermano.

Question: ?

A

Change the following into a question.

Example:

Statement: He is your brother.

Question: Is he your brother?

Statement: Es tu hermano.

Question: ¿Es tu hermano?

* Note: No words need to switch order here because there is no pronoun in the sentence.

30
Q

Change the following into a question.

Example:

Statement: You are not sick.

Question: Aren’t you sick?

Statement: No estás enfermo.

Question: ?

A

Change the following into a question.

Example:

Statement: You are not sick.

Question: Aren’t you sick?

Statement: No estás enfermo.

Question: ¿No estás enfermo?

* Note: When no is used to make a Spanish question or sentence negative, it always goes before the verb.

31
Q

Translate the following question into Spanish

Question: You are sick, aren’t you?

A

Translate the following question into Spanish

Question: You are sick, aren’t you?

Question: Estás enfermo, ¿no?

* Note: you can also add tag questions to statements, like when in English you say, “does she?”, “right?”, etc. In Spanish you can add ¿verdad? or ¿no?

32
Q

Translate the following question into Spanish

Question: Juan is tall, right?

A

Translate the following question into Spanish

Question: Juan is tall, right?

Question: Juan es alto, ¿verdad?

* Note: you can also add tag questions to statements, like when in English you say, “does she?”, “right?”, etc. In Spanish you can add ¿verdad? or ¿no?

33
Q

Answer the following question negatively in Spanish:

Question: ¿Es tu hermana? (Is she your sister?)

Answer: No, she is not my sister. (Tanslate this)

A

Answer the following question negatively in Spanish:

Question: ¿Es tu hermana? (Is she your sister?)

Answer: No, she is not my sister. (Tanslate this)

Answer: No, no es mi hermana.

* Note: when you answer no to a question in Spanish, it is common to use the word no twice in a row. The first no answers the question, and the second no makes the sentence negative.

34
Q

Translate to Spanish:

What day is it?

A

Translate to Spanish:

What day is it?

¿Qué día es?

or

¿Qué día es hoy? (What day is it today?)

35
Q

Respond in Spanish:

¿Qué día es hoy?

A

Respond in Spanish:

¿Qué día es hoy?

Hoy es (day).

day can be:

lunes, martes, miércoles, jueves, viernes, sábado, domingo

Example: Hoy es lunes.

36
Q

Translate to Spanish:

What is the date today?

A

Translate to Spanish:

What is the date today?

¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy?

37
Q

Respond in Spanish:

​¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy?

A

Respond in Spanish:

​¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy?

Hoy es el \_(day number)_ de \_(month)_ .

Example: if it is the 11th of January you would say:

Hoy es el 11 (once) de enero.

38
Q

Translate to English:

Hoy es el 15 de junio.

A

Translate to English:

Hoy es el 15 de junio.

Today is June 15th.

39
Q

Translate to English:

Hoy es el 4 de agosto.

A

Translate to English:

Hoy es el 4 de agosto.

Today is August 4th.

40
Q

To make a complete date, you also need to add the day of the week. What is the pattern for writing and saying the complete date?

A

To make a complete date, you also need to add the day of the week. What is the pattern for writing and saying the complete date?

Hoy es _(week day)\_, el \_(day number)_ de \_(month)_.

Example:

Hoy es lunes, el 29 de noviembre.

(Today is Monday, the 29th of November.)

41
Q

Translate to Spanish:

Today is Wednesday, April 30th.

A

Translate to Spanish:

Today is Wednesday, April 30th.

Hoy es miércoles, el 30 de abril.

42
Q

Fill in the blank:

When saying it is the first day of the month, instead of using uno, use ________.

A

Fill in the blank:

When saying it is the first day of the month, instead of using uno, use ________.

primero

43
Q

Which is the correct way of expressing July 1st in Spanish?

A. el uno de Julio

B. el primero de julio

A

Which is the correct way of expressing July 1st in Spanish?

A. el uno de Julio

B. el primero de julio

B. el primero de julio

Note: when saying it’s the first of the month, use primero, not uno.

44
Q

Translate to Spanish:

Today is the first of January (or January 1st).

A

Translate to Spanish:

Today is the first of January (or January 1st).

Hoy es el primero de enero.

45
Q

Translate to English:

qué

A

Translate to English:

qué

what?

*Note: qué doesn’t always mean ‘what’. The meaning can change depending upon how it is used.

46
Q

Translate to English:

cuál

A

Translate to English:

cuál

which?

*Note: cuál doesn’t always mean ‘which’. The meaning can change depending upon how it is used.

47
Q

When should you use the word qué in a question? Pick all that apply:

A. to suggest a selection from a group of things.

B. used before nouns

C. used to ask for definitions

D. Used before the verb ‘ser’ when not asking for a definition.

A

When should you use the word qué in a question? Pick all that apply:

A. to suggest a selection from a group of things.

B. used before nouns

C. used to ask for definitions

D. Used before the verb ‘ser’ when not asking for a definition.

*Use qué to ask for definitions and before nouns in questions.

48
Q

When should you use the word cuál in a question? Pick all that apply:

A. to suggest a selection from a group of things.

B. used before nouns

C. used to ask for definitions

D. Used before the verb ‘ser’ when not asking for a definition.

A

When should you use the word cuál in a question? Pick all that apply:

A. to suggest a selection from a group of things.

B. used before nouns

C. used to ask for definitions

D. Used before the verb ‘ser’ when not asking for a definition.

*Use cuál before the verb ‘ser’ when not seeking a definition, and to suggest a selection from a group of things.

49
Q

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ es tu número de teléfono?

A

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ es tu número de teléfono?

cuál

¿Cuál es tu número de teléfono? (What is your phone number?)

*Use cuál before the verb ‘ser’ when not seeking a definition

50
Q

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ quiere decir ‘casa’?

A

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ quiere decir ‘casa’?

qué

¿Qué quiere decir ‘casa’? (How do you say ‘house’?)

*Use qué to ask for definitions.

51
Q

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ día es?

A

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ día es?

qué

¿Qué día es? (What day is it?)

*Use qué before nouns (typically).

52
Q

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ quieres? (Which one do you want?)

A

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ quieres? (Which one do you want?)

cuál

¿Cuál quieres? (Which one do you want?)

*Use cuál to suggest a selection from a group of things.

53
Q

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ quieres? (What do you want?)

A

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ quieres? (What do you want?)

qué

¿Qué quieres? (What do you want?)

*Use qué here to ask the question’what’.

54
Q

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ hora es?

A

Should you use cuál or qué in the following questions?

¿ _____ hora es?

qué

¿Qué hora es? (What time is it?)

*Use qué before nouns (typically).

Middlebury Spanish 1 (18 decks)

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