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M362 - Definitions > Unit 07 > Flashcards

Unit 07 Flashcards

1
Q

annotation

A

A Java language construct that provides additional information about the class, method, variable, etc. that is being annotated. The information can be used at compile time or at runtime, typically to generate code, enforce additional constraints, or provide extra documentation. Each annotation has zero or more elements, each being a name–value pair.

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2
Q

application-managed entity manager

A

An entity manager that has to be explicitly created and closed by the application.

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3
Q

bidirectional relation

A

This kind of relation can be navigated in either direction – both tables/classes in the relation point to each other.

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4
Q

binding

A

The association between a name (that must be unique within a certain context) and a resource (file, service, IP address, etc.). Name services store a set of bindings and allow users to create, change and remove bindings.

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5
Q

business interface

A

An interface with the session bean methods that a client may call.

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6
Q

container-managed entity manager

A

An entity manager that is implicitly created and closed by the Java EE infrastructure. By default, the entity manager automatically creates and commits transactions on method calls and returns.

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7
Q

dependency injection

A

A technique whereby an object automatically obtains a reference to a resource it depends on. An example is the dependency injection of entity managers into session beans by the EJB container.

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8
Q

directionality (of a relation)

A

The attribute of a relation that states whether it is unidirectional or bidirectional.

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9
Q

directory service

A

An extension to a name service that allows resources to have attributes and to find resources that match given attribute values. LDAP is a widely used directory service protocol.

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10
Q

Domain Name Service (DNS)

A

An example of a name service: it looks up internet domain names and returns the corresponding IP addresses.

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11
Q

Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB)

A

The component model used by Java EE. There are three kinds of component: session beans and message-driven beans encapsulate business logic, servicing requests from clients; entities encapsulate the business data.

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12
Q

Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) container

A

The runtime infrastructure, usually part of a web server, that supports execution of EJBs.

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13
Q

entity

A

An object that corresponds to persistent data in a relational database.

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14
Q

entity class

A

A class that just holds data and may provide business logic, although the latter is usually delegated to session beans. Entity classes must be annotated with @Entity.

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15
Q

entity manager

A

A runtime object that manages the lifecycle of entities, allowing them to enter or leave the persistence context, to be stored in or removed from the database.

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16
Q

export (a remote object)

A

To make the remote object available so that it can accept incoming calls from clients.

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17
Q

extended persistence context

A

A persistence context that has the same lifetime as an entity manager. This is the only possible setting for application-managed entity managers.

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18
Q

foreign key

A

A column that uniquely refers to a record in another table.

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19
Q

inverse side

A

In a bidirectional relation between entity classes, the class that is not the owning side.

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20
Q

Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI)

A

An API to facilitate the uniform use of a variety of name and directory services from within Java programs.

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21
Q

location transparency

A

The ability to manipulate remote objects in the same way as local ones.

22
Q

many-to-many relation

A

A relationship between two tables or entity classes, in which each record/entity of each table/class is related to zero or more records/entities of the other table/class. Usually, a many-to-many relation can be represented by two one-tomany relations with a third table/class.

23
Q

many-to-one relation

A

The inverse of a one-to-many relation.

24
Q

metadata

A

Data that describes other data. A relational schema is an example of metadata, and so are annotations like @Table.

25
Q

multiplicity (of a relation)

A

The attribute of a relation that states whether it is one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one or many-to-many.

26
Q

name (or naming) service

A

A facility that binds names to resources (web servers, printers, databases, etc.) so that clients can locate resources by name instead of having to know their exact location. The RMI registry is an example of a name service, with resources being Java objects.

27
Q

navigation (of a relation)

A

The ability to access the related record/entity of the given record/entity.

28
Q

object serialisation

A

The marshalling and unmarshalling of objects so that they can be sent as streams of bits across JVMs. A class whose instances maybe serialised has to implement the Serializable interface.

29
Q

one-to-many relation

A

A relationship between two tables or entity classes, in which each record or entity of the first table/class is related to zero or more records/entities of the second table/class.

30
Q

one-to-one relation

A

A relationship between two tables or entity classes, in which each record/entity of each table/class is related to exactly one record/entity of the other table/ class.

31
Q

owning side

A

The entity class that holds the foreign key in the underlying table. If both underlying tables involved in the relation have foreign keys, then either class can be the owning side.

32
Q

persistence context

A

A set of entities that are mapped to corresponding records in the database. Entities in the persistence context are in the Managed or Removed state, while those outside the context are in the New or Detached state.

33
Q

persistence unit

A

The entity classes, and the relational database that they are associated with.

34
Q

primary key

A

A column that uniquely identifies a record among all others in the same table.

35
Q

proxy object

A

An object that ‘stands in’ for another object. Calls to the proxy’s methods are redirected to the referred object.

36
Q

registry

A

A naming service that allows names to be bound to object stubs for later lookup. Names have to be unique within a registry. Registries usually run in their own JVMs in the server host.

37
Q

relational schema

A

The structure, in terms of tables and columns, of the data in a relational database.

38
Q

remote interface

A

An interface that extends Remote and declares a set of remote methods.

39
Q

remote method

A

A method that can be called from another JVM. Remote methods may throw a RemoteException.

40
Q

Remote Method Invocation (RMI)

A

Java’s approach to allow objects in one JVM to call methods on objects in another JVM.

41
Q

remote object

A

An object that implements a remote interface. The object may provide other methods that are not to be called remotely. Remote object classes usually extend UnicastRemoteObject.

42
Q

remote reference

A

A proxy for a remote object. There is a copy of the stub object on the registry and on each client JVM that wants to use the corresponding remote object.

See also stub object

43
Q

security manager

A

A runtime service that checks whether the defined security policy is being followed.

44
Q

security policy

A

A policy that defines the permissions of code that is downloaded at runtime.

45
Q

session bean

A

A type of EJB that handles an interactive session between a client and the application server. Session beans are neither persistent nor shared.

46
Q

stateful session bean

A

A session bean that implements a single business service that spans multiple method calls, hence requiring state to be kept between calls.

47
Q

stateless session bean

A

A session bean that does not keep state between calls, because each method implements a separate service: each session consists of a single method call.

48
Q

stub object

A

A proxy for a remote object. There is a copy of the stub object on the registry and on each client JVM that wants to use the corresponding remote object.

See also remote reference

49
Q

transaction-scoped persistence context

A

A persistence context that has the same lifetime as a transaction. This is the default setting for persistence contexts used with container-managed entity managers.

50
Q

transfer object

A

An object used for transferring aggregated data between clients and session beans.

51
Q

unicast communication

A

Point-to-point communication.

52
Q

unidirectional relation

A

This kind of relation can be navigated in only one direction, namely from the table/class that holds the foreign key to the other table/class.

M362 - Definitions (12 decks)

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