Unit 05: Trends/Methods/Tactics

Question 1

Terrorists use a range of tactics, what are the three traditional tactics?

Answer 1

Assassination, Armed assault, and Bombings/suicide bombings

Question 2

Terrorists are likely to target what type of location?

Answer 2

Where an attack has the potential to do the greatest harm

Question 3

What are some ways in which a terrorist can inflict harm? (5)

Answer 3

Killing or injuring persons, Causing panic/and or disruption, Damaging the economy, Destroying property, and Demoralizing the community

Question 4

In 2022, did the deaths from terrorism fall or rise by nine percent?

Answer 4

Fall

Question 5

Which country remained the most impacted by terrorism for the fourth consecutive year, despite attacks and deaths falling by 75% and 58% respectively>

Answer 5

Afghanistan

Question 6

Fill in the blanks:

The number of countries experiencing _________ and _________ in terrorism deaths remained roughly the same in 2022, with 25 countries recording __________, while another 24 countries recorded _________.

Answer 6

Increases, decreases, reductions, increases

Question 7

Fill in the blanks:

Terrorist attacks became ____ ______ in 2022, killing on average 1.7 people per attack in 2022 compared to 1.3 deaths per attack in 2021.

Answer 7

More deadly

Question 8

Terrorist attacks became more deadly in 2022, killing on average 1.7 people per attack in 2022 compared to 1.3 deaths per attack in 2021. This is the first increase in what rate in how many years?

Answer 8

lethality, five years

Question 9

What remains the primary driver of terrorism?

Answer 9

Violent conflict

Question 10

Attacks in countries involved in conflict are how many more times deadlier than attacks in peaceful countries?

Answer 10

Seven

Question 11

The majority of terrorist attacks involve the use of what kind of materials and devices that are typically considered conventional attacks?

Answer 11

explosive, incendiary

Question 12

Under what circumstance are explosives, such as with a car or truck bomb, destroying an occupied building, classified as weapons of mass destruction?

Answer 12

When used to inflict high casualties.

Question 13

Explosives may be used to disseminate what kinds of materials? (3)

Answer 13

Chemical, Biological, and Radiological

Question 14

What are the two phases of blast pressure?

Answer 14

Positive and Negative

Question 15

What are the three things that occur during the positive-pressure phase?

Answer 15

Shock front leads, striking anything in its path with a hammering force

Continues outwards in expanding radius until energy diminishes

Energy dissipates due to distance or because it transfers to objects in path

Question 16

What are the three things that occur during the negative-pressure phase?

Answer 16

Displaced atmosphere rushes back in to fill the vacuum left at the center of the explosion

Structures damaged in the initial blast can be further damaged

Lasts about three times longer than the positive-pressure phase

Question 17

What determines the size of the explosion?

Answer 17

The quantity and type of explosives.

Question 18

What size is the hot zone?

Answer 18

It can be limited to a small area or extend for blocks

Question 19

What are two examples of secondary hazards caused by an explosion?

Answer 19

breaking glass and any degree of structural collapse

Question 20

Why are Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) relatively easy to make? (4)

Answer 20

Can be constructed in almost any location or setting

Not commercially manufactured; they are homemade

Usually constructed for a specific target

Can be contained within almost any object

Question 21

How should you respond to an IED/explosive event? (5)

Answer 21

NEVER touch or handle a suspected device, even if someone else already has

Do not use two-way radios, cellphones, or mobile data terminals (MDT) within a minimum of 300ft (90m) of any device or suspected device

Use intrinsically safe communication equipment within the isolation zone

Note unusual activities or persons at the scene and report observations to law enforcement

Limit personnel exposure until the risk of secondary devices is eliminated

Question 22

Fill in the blanks:

Terrorists seek to link ______ _______ with “_________ ________” such as _____ and _________ attention.

Answer 22

Terror methods, Desirable outcomes, Media, Political

Question 23

In terms of Media and Political Attention, success may be measured in what way?

Answer 23

in simple terms of publicity for the group and its cause

Question 24

Fill in the blanks:

In terms of media and political attention, Terrorists may be _________ to how they are _________ in newspapers and on TV, and they may even _____ strategies to shift the ______ of coverage.

Answer 24

Sensitive, Portrayed, Shift, Nature

Question 25

In terms of media and political attention some terrorists are experts at what?

Answer 25

Media Manipulation

Question 26

Fill in the blanks:

Terrorists have an impact on an audience. Whether the broader population is comprised of those a group hopes to __________/__________ or those the group hopes to _______/_____, the audience is “______ __.”

Answer 26

Intimidate/Manipulate, Inspire/Rally, Played to

Question 27

In relation to the impact terrorists have on their audience, what to people fear and how do terrorists intensify and broaden this fear?

Answer 27

Victimization, using video images

Question 28

How can media manipulation fail?

Answer 28

If the message is off-base or otherwise does not inspire a distinct reaction

Question 29

What can improve the profile of a terrorist group?

Answer 29

Forcing a foe to give concessions, big or small.

Question 30

What allows the terrorist group to manipulate its enemy and how?

Answer 30

Kidnapping/hostage-taking.

Pay the ransom or comply with other demands and hostages will be released

The group looks “honourable” when it fulfills its promise to release those held.

Question 31

True or False, is the new terrorism less violent?

Answer 31

False, it’s more violent

Question 32

What did terrorists want under the old terrorism vs the new terrorism?

Answer 32

Attention vs Mass Casualties

Question 33

True or False, regarding terrorism today, terrorists want Mass casualties over attention.

Answer 33

False, they want BOTH

Question 34

In the past, dominant terrorist activities included what?

Answer 34

The abduction of individuals or groups such as airline passengers

Question 35

What was the terrorist’s objective of abduction in the past?

Answer 35

Extortion of political and/or financial concessions

Question 36

Why is the New Terrorism truly global? (5)

Answer 36

Conducted by Transnational, Non-State Actors

In the 1970s and 1980s, terrorism was mostly local

Primarily ideologically motivated

Nationalistic in nature

Terrorists pursued clearly identifiable political, economic, and social goals.

Question 37

How is the New Terrorism Well-Trained? (5)

Answer 37

Sophisticated communications techniques

Use of the Internet

Encryption

Financial precautions

Special Operations

Question 38

Name 7 of the 15 Indicators of explosive/Incendiary attacks.

Answer 38

Warning or threat of an attack or received intelligence
Reports of an explosion
Explosion
Accelerant odours
Multiple fires or explosions
Incendiary device or bomb components
Unexpectedly heavy burning or high temperatures
Unusually fast-burning fires
Unusually coloured smoke or flames
Presence of propane or other flammable gas cylinders in unusual locations
Unattended packages, backpacks, or objects left in high-traffic/public areas
Fragmentation damage/injury
Damage that exceeds the level usually seen during gas explosions
Crater(s)
Scattering of small metal objects