UNICELLULAR REVISION Flashcards
REVISE FOR TEST
give a example of prokaryotes
bacteria
give a example of a protoctists
algae
give a example of fungi
fungi
what cell parts do prokaryotes have out off cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall, chloroplast
cytoplasm
cell membrane
cell wall
what cell parts do protoctists have out off cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall, chloroplast
cytoplasm
cell membrane
nucleus
mitochondria
some have cell wall
some have chloroplast
what cell parts do plant have out off cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall, chloroplast
cytoplasm
cell membrane
nucleus
mitochondria
cell wall
chloroplast
what cell parts do fungi have out off cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall, chloroplast
cytoplasm
cell membrane
cell wall
nucleus
mitochondria
what cell parts do animal have out off cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, cell wall, chloroplast
cytoplasm
cell membrane
nucleus
mitochondria
what does MRS GREN stand for
movement
respiration
sensitivity
growth
reproduction
excretion
nutrition
why do cell need to diffuse materials and how is area:volume ratios related to cell diffusing material and how does it affect it talk about size and growth and what does the equation equal
cells diffuse oxygen because they need them inside them and around the inside of them and when cells grow the volume increases faster then the area making big cell not get filled up with materials quick enough the equation=area divided by volume
are plants unicellular or multicellular
multi
are animal unicellular or multicellular
multi
are fungi unicellular or multicellular
both
are prokaryotes unicellular or multicellular
uni
are protoctist unicellular or multicellular
both
how do yeast reproduce and what method do they use
yeast reproduce asexually (only one parent) by “Budding” where the daughter cell grows out of parent cell
what is the equation of aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration
aerobic: “Glucose(sugar) + oxygen=carbon dioxide + water”
anaerobic:
Glucose(sugar)=carbon dioxide+ethonel
how is yeast used in baking
Yeast is used in baking to help rise the bread because when it respirates it creates carbon dioxide (air bubbles in bread)
what factors help yeast reproduce
sugar, warmth and moisture
describe how a growth curve diagram would look like for yeast in baking (In detail)
at first the growth line will not be very steep but then gets steeper because the population is growing so more yeast reproduce then the steep line gets less steep because Glucose(sugar) starts to run out finally the line become level because the population stop growing
why are anaerobic bacteria used in making yoghurt and cheese
because they produce lactic acid witch is ingredient used in making these products
what is the equation for the process of anaerobic bacteria making lactic acid
glucose=lactic acid
in what three factors do bacteria grow best
sugar, warmth and moisture
what way does bacteria reproduce and describe the process
they reproduce using a asexual reproduction method called binary fission where one cell grows and splits into two identical parts
what kingdom are bacteria from
and what are its cell parts
belongs in the Prokaryotes kingdom cell parts include:
flagellum
slime capsule
chromosome
cell membrane
cell wall
cytoplasm
what is the function of this bacteria cell part flagellum
tail for Movement
what is the function of this bacteria cell part chromosome
a circular shaped chromosome made of DNA witch controls the cell
what is the function of this bacteria cell part cell wall
gives the cell its shape and provides protection
what is the function of this bacteria cell part cell membrane
controls what enters and leaves the cell
what is the function of this bacteria cell part cytoplasm
jelly like substance bacteria cytoplasm witch is where chemical reaction happen
what is the function of this bacteria cell part slime capsule
a outer layer that stops cell from drying out
what are the steps in making a pie chart from data step by step
1) add together all the data
2) do 360 divided by the total of data witch would equal to the degree of one piece of data
3) times degree of one piece of data to the actual data round some number if needed
4) now with the degree figured out draw the pie chart
what is the function of this protoctists cell part cytoplasm
jelly like substance where chemical reaction happen
what is the function of this protoctists cell part vacuole
storage area for food
what is the function of this protoctists cell part cillia
Cilia hair like structure that helps protoctists move, feed, and sense their environment.
what is the function of this protoctists cell part pseudopods
Pseudopods are extensions of the cell used for movement and feeding
what is the equation used in photosynthesis
carbon dioxide+water=glucose+oxygen
what is the equation used in respiration
Glucose+Oxygen→CarbonDioxide+Water+Energy
what is the equation used in combustion
Hydrocarbon+Oxygen→CarbonDioxide+Water+Energy
describe how algae make their own food and the importance of it
algae make their own food by photosynthesis This process is important for the ecosystem as it decreases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
say the names of job in a food chain in order and what they do
Producers: usually plants or algae that uses photosynthesis.
Primary Consumers: eat producers.
Secondary Consumers: eat primary consumers.
Tertiary Consumers: eat secondary consumers.
Decomposers: Organisms like bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter
give example of decomposer and why are they important
fungi or bacteria decomposers are important because they break down dead matter, recycle nutrients, and enrich soil,
describe the basic features found on the carbon cycle
1)Carbon stored in the atmosphere, oceans, soil,
2)respiration release CO₂.
3)Decomposers return carbon to the soil and atmosphere.
4)Burning fossil fuels releases CO₂.
5)Oceans absorb atmospheric CO₂.
6)Plants convert CO₂ into glucose.
what did doctors wear in the 17th century to protect themself from the plague
the “beak” is filled with herbs to keep “bad air” away the long cloak, boots, gloves and mask were to not let “bad air” to reach their body
what was some ideas for treatment and causes for the black death
Ideas for treatment:
Bloodletting
Herbal Remedies
Quarantine
Prayers
Ideas for causes:
Bad Air
Divine Punishment
Astrology
Contagion
what microorganism caused the black death
YERSINIA PESTIS
how was black death spread
rats, fleas, coughs and sneezes
when did the black death started
14th century
define host
organism that provides food and shelter for a parasite
define obligate paraite
a parasite that cannot reproduce without being in its host
define parasite
Organism or virus that lives on or in a living host organism and takes food from it causing harm to the host
define antibiotic
medicine that helps people recover from a bacterial infection by killing the pathogen
define immune
does not fall ill after infection with a pathogen because their white blood cells destroys the pathogen
define pathogen
something that can spread between other organisms and cause disease
define fermentation
anaerobic respiration occurring in microorganisms
limitimg factors
something that stops a population growin
define pyramid of biomass and define pyramid of numbers
A pyramid of numbers displays the number of organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem, typically narrowing from producers to higher consumers.
A pyramid of biomass shows the total mass of living organisms at each trophic level, typically narrowing from producers to higher consumers.
define statement key
a series of descriptive statements used to work out what something is
define tuberculosis
a communicable bacterial disease that infects the lungs
define enzyme
substance that can speed up some processes in living things
define organic molecule
a molecule that is built using a chain of carbon atoms
define trophic level
A trophic level shows an organism’s role in energy transfer such as producers and or consumers
define carbohydrate
a nutrient that is used as the main source of energy
how do fungi and bacteria feed on organic molecules
by releasing enzymes into their surroundings to digest large organic molecules the digested molecules are then absorbed
what is the job and structure of the cytoplasm
gel like substance where chemical reaction happen
what is the job and structure of the cell membrane
outer layer of cell controls what gets in and out of cell
what is the job and structure of the nucleus
oval controls the cell
what is the job and structure of the mitochondria
Mitochondria are oval organelles that create energy
what is the job and structure of the cell wall
outer layer keeps cells structure and protects the cell
what is the job and structure of the chloroplasts
oval shapes contains chlorophile wich is used for photosynthesis
what do bacterial cell not have
nucleus
