Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Religion > Understanding religion > Flashcards

Understanding religion Flashcards

1
Q

Religions manifest which eight possible elements?

A

Belief system
Community
Central myths
Ritual
Ethics
Characteristic emotional experiences
Material expression
Sacredness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The belief that all is divine is called?

A

Pantheism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

______ argues that the existence of God cannot be proven

A

Agnosticism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

This anthropologist believed that religion was rooted in spirit worship

A

E.B Tylor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_______ theorized that belief in God or gods arises from the long-lasting impressions made on people by their childhood experiences

A

Sigmund Freud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

________ argued that religions emerge when people experience that aspect of reality that is essentially mysterious

A

Rudolf Otto

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

______ believed that religion was a noble human response to the complexity and depth of reality

A

Carl Gustav Jung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Religions express truth_______.

A

Symbolically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

In early religions, the most significant female deity was associated with_______ and has been known as Asherah, Aphrodite, and Freia

A

Fertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the word religion mean?

A

The joining of our natural world to the sacred world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Monotheism

A

Belief in one God

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Is god omnipotent? (Total control over the universe)

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pantheism

A

Belief that everything in the universe is divine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Atheism

A

Belief that there are no Gods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who turned everything into a symbol and all literal meaning was lost?

A

Joseph Cambell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nontheism

A

No position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why does religion exist?

A

It serves human needs
How to deal with our mortality
Belonging to a group
Expression
To feel secure in the universe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who was an art student turned doctor who viewed religion as fulfilling psychological needs, praised its positive influence, and wrote that religion brings “a new zest” to living, provides “an assurance of safety”, and leads to a “harmonious relation with the universe”?

A

William James

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Who thought religion emerged because people felt poor, powerless, and alienated from their work? That it was a symptom of the poverty and inadequacy of modern society? He believed religion would dissolve when society improved.

A

Karl Marx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Animism

A

All elements of nature are filled with spirits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the patterns among religions?

A
  1. Views of the World and Life
  2. Focus of Beliefs and Practices
  3. Views of Male and Female
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the common views of the world and life?

A

The world is sacred
The universe began by an intelligent Creator who guides the universe according to a cosmic plan
Nature is the realm of evil forces, others believe it is sacred
Time is linear
Human purpose
Words and scripture
Exclusiveness and inclusiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the common focus of beliefs and practices?

A

Sacramental orientation (Carrying out rituals)
Prophic orientation (Contact with the sacred is ensured by proper belief)
Mystical orientation (Union with God, nature, the universe, reality)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the common views of male and female?

A

Male imagery and control dominates
The sacred is considered male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the methods to approach the study of religion?

A
  1. Psychology
  2. Mythology
  3. Philosophy
  4. Theology
  5. Archeology
  6. Linguistics and literary theory
24
Q

The early scientific movement….

A

Accepted belief in a creator-god, but it rejected belief in miracles. It demanded scientific proof for beliefs

25
Q

Structuralism

A

Looks for universal structures that sees human activity as determined by these structures

26
Q

Post-structuralism

A

Does not seek to find universal structures, focuses on observing the individual elements in cultural phenomena

27
Q

Who discovered deconstruction?

A

Jaques Derrida

28
Q

What is the phenomenological approach to religious studies?

A

Emphasizes direct experiential research to gather data. Tries to avoid projecting the researchers beliefs

29
Q

Do religions oppose science?

A

No, but they rule over different domains. Science describes the physical world, while religion describes the invisable world of love and moral rules

30
Q

To say that the study of religion is interdisciplinary means that

A

Religion scholars draw from many different academic disciplines to understand religion

31
Q

The theological approach to religion

A

Takes an “insider’s” approach–a practitioner’s point of view

32
Q

Has the study of religion changed over time?

A

Yes

33
Q

True or false:

The sacred may also be referred to as:
the Ultimate
the Absolute
the Divine

A

True

33
Q

Feminist thinkers:

view religion as historically patriarchal

often focus on studies that center on the religious lives of women

critique traditional assumptions about the role of women in religion

all of the above

A

All of the above

34
Q

Which scholar argued that religion is an analytical category of our own design?

A

Sigmund Freud

35
Q

The “family resemblance” definition of religion means that

A

Religions must share all of the same traits to be called a religion

36
Q

Jacques Derrida:

was a counterpart of Sigmund Freud’s

thought that structures in the mind formed similarities across cultures

went beyond ordinary interpretation of texts to discover new cultural meanings

argued that you had to live in the culture that you were studying

A

went beyond ordinary interpretation of texts to discover new cultural meanings

37
Q

The phenomenological approach to religion treats the sacred as

A

a universal fact

38
Q

Sigmund Freud viewed religion as

A

a neurosis

39
Q

Karl Marx argued that religion

A

Was an illusion

40
Q

If someone argues that the existence of God cannot be proven, they may be said to be

A

Agnostic

41
Q

Which of the following is a post-colonial thinker?

Edward Said

Emile Durkheim

Carl Jung

Sigmund Freud

A

Edward Said

42
Q

Auguste Comte believed in?

A

Positivism (the idea that society is governed by knowable laws)

43
Q

Who founded the secularization theory? (the idea that as societies become more advanced, religion would disappear

A

Auguste Comte

44
Q

Who argued that religion is society. Religion is beliefs and practices associated with the sacred

A

Emile Durkheim

45
Q

Who argued the religion is ideology? That “religion is he opiate of the people”, that religion functions to uphold a class system that oppresses the working poor

A

Karl Marx

46
Q

Who viewed religion as a projection or illusion, a neurosis? If we dealt with our repressed desires and feelings of guilt we would no longer have use for religion

A

Sigmund Freud

47
Q

Who believed religion is self actualization? The coming to terms with diverse elements found within ourselves. Dreams and myths are reminders for the need for self-actualization

A

Carl Jung

48
Q

What is a feminist thinker?

A

Religion is patriarchal

Seek out female perspectives

Critique the role of women in religion

Study what women do in religion

Assert that women are equal to men

49
Q

Interdisciplinary

A

The study of religion from a variety of disciplines or academic fields in order to learn more about the subject

50
Q

What is the historical approach?

A

Religious texts are the primary source
Claimed to provide an objective view of religion through what the primary sources told them

51
Q

Philosophical approach

A

Asks questions in relation to knowledge and belief, faith and reason, and ethics
Is there a God?

51
Q

Psychological Approach

A

Emphasizes the individual experience, focusing on why and how the mind influences and is influenced by religion

52
Q

Who took the psychological approach?

A

Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung

53
Q

Sociological approach

A

Emphasizes religion in relation to society or groups.

54
Q

Who took the sociological approach?

A

August Compte and Emile Durkheim

55
Q

Anthropological Approach

A

The study of humans which began as racist and ethnocentric, now anthropologists emphasize the importance of culture over race

56
Q

Who believes in the anthropological approach?

A

Russel T. McCutcheon

57
Q

Theological approach

A

The sacred is real
Knowledge is gained through access to divine truth
It is normative rather than descriptive (it assumes the norm of the group based on a particular religious tradition)

Insiders approach

58
Q

Phenomenological approach

A

This approach is not found in any given university but is an important interpretation

The sacred is a universal fact
Value-free comparison between religions- one is not favoured over the other

Religion (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions