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Religion > Islam > Flashcards

Islam Flashcards

1
Q

Where was Muhammad born?

A

Mecca

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2
Q

What is the Qur’an?

A

“Recitation” God’s words revealed to and recited by Muhammad

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3
Q

What is the center of religious pilgrimage?

A

Mecca

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4
Q

What did Muhammad work as?

A

A caravan worker

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5
Q

Where did Muhammad receive his first revelation?

A

Mount Hira

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6
Q

What is the Night Journey/Night of Ascent?

A

Muhammad being carried to Jerusalem and ascending into paradise

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7
Q

What is the Hijra?

A

Muhammad’s migration

Marks the point at which his message was favourably received and the start of the Islamic community

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8
Q

What are the three sacred cities of Islam?

A
  1. Mecca, Jerusalem, Medina
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9
Q

Mosque

A

A muslim place of worship

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10
Q

Did Muhammad view himself as the last prophet who transmitted God’s word to humanity?

A

Yes

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11
Q

What does “Islam” mean?

A

Surrender/Submission

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12
Q

Muslism refer God as_____.

A

Allah

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13
Q

Muslims trace their ancestry back to _____ and ______.

A

Abraham and his son Ishmael

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14
Q

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

A

Creed (Shahadah)
Prayer (Salat)
Charity to the Poor (Zakat)
Fasting during Ramadan (Sawm)
Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)

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15
Q

What is Creed? (Shahadah)

A

“There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger”

Makes a person Muslim
The first sentence whispered into a baby’s ear

Rejects the idea that Jesus was divine. Does not see Muhammad as divine either

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16
Q

What is Prayer? (Salat)

Who announces times of prayer?
What is the day of public prayer? Is it a day of rest?

A

Devout Muslims must pray 5 times a day

Times of prayer are announced by a muezzin

Friday
No

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17
Q

What is Charity to the Poor? (Zakat)

A

Believers donate a certain percentage of their total income to the poor (2.5%)

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18
Q

What is Fasting during Ramadan? (Sawm)

When is Ramadan? Why is it important?

A

The purpose of fasting is for discipline, for sympathy for the poor and hungry, to give to others what you would have eaten

The ninth month of the Muslim calendar. The time when Muhammad first received his revelations

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19
Q

What is Pilgrimage to Mecca? (Hajj)
What do you wear?

After purifying themselves with water, pilgrims walk ______ times _________ around the Kaaba

A

A symbol of the journey towards personal transformation
All muslims are expected to visit at least once in their lifetime

White

7/counterclockwise

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20
Q

What are the dietary restrictions of Islam?

A

Pork and wine

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21
Q

Who created the first authorized version of the Qur’an?

A

Abu Bakr (Muhammads successor)

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22
Q

What does the Qur’an discuss?

A

Religious figures, advice about everyday life, events in the life of Muhammad, religious beliefs and regulations

23
Q

The Qur’an has _____ chapters (Suras)

A

114

24
Q

How are the suras arranged?

A

Longest to shortest

Oldest stories at the end, newest at the start
(the first fallen leaves are on the bottom)

25
Q

Did Muhammad die without a male hereditary successor?

A

Yes

26
Q

Who is the first Caliph?

A

Abu Bakr

27
Q

10-15% of Islam is _____, the remaining is ________

A

Shiite
Sunni

28
Q

How did the division of Shiite and Sunni occur?

A

Over who should be the successor of Muhammad

Some thought it should be a man chosen by his peers, who is the most capable of governing

Some believe it should be a descendant of Muhammads immediate family

29
Q

Which group followed Ali?

A

Shiite

30
Q

What does the word Shiite mean?

A

Faction

31
Q

What are the 12 successors of Muhammad called?

A

Imams

32
Q

What does the word Sunni mean?

A

Tradition

33
Q

Does Sunni Islam separate political and religious life?

A

No

34
Q

What is Sufism?

A

A group of devotional movements (values simplicity)

35
Q

Beliefs of Sufism?

A

Mysticism (an experience of God)

They believe in a mystical experience that when the self is gone, all that remains is God

36
Q

Which Sufi order is famous for its circular dance?

A

Maulawiya

37
Q

What are common Sufi practices?

A

Dancing, poetry, yoga

38
Q

Which poet did Sufism influence?

A

Shakespeare

39
Q

What is Sharia?

A

Islam Law

40
Q

Did Christians and Jews have to pay to practice their religion?

A

Yes

41
Q

Islam thought focuses on both _____ and _________

A

Practice/belief

42
Q

What is a main theme from Islamic art?

A

The theme of paradise (A fertile oasis/garden)

43
Q

What are the 3 exceptions to the prohibition against images?

A
  1. Muhammad’s Night Journey
  2. Persian miniatures
  3. A picture once your pilgrimage is complete
44
Q

Traditional Islam protects women, and emphasizes ______?

A

Caring for the home and family

45
Q

Did Muhammad do a great deal to improve women’s individual rights?

A

Yes (women could not initiate divorce, buy a house, have money)

46
Q

What is Secularism?

A

Seeks to create political institutions that are independent of any established religion

47
Q

What is the goal of the Taliban?

A

To create a purely Islamic state

48
Q

The division of Sunni and Shiite muslims occured when _____ killed Hussein, Muhammad’s grandson

A

Sunni forces

49
Q

Halal

A

Slaughtered according to religious rules

50
Q

Jihad meaning?

A

To strive or struggle

51
Q

What is considered the 6th pillar of Islam?

A

Jihad

52
Q

What does Islam mean?

A

Submission

53
Q

The _____ is a single sentence that, when recited with belief, makes a person muslim

A

Shahadah

54
Q

Qur’an means?

A

Recitation

Religion (6 decks)

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