understanding (geo)science

Question 1

empirical thinking vs. inductive reasoning

Answer 1

sensed based observations vs. analyzing measurable evidence

Question 2

observations

Answer 2

we using our senses, equipment and experiments to make these

Question 3

hypothesis

Answer 3

a good one conforms to universal truths / basic laws, a bad one is untestable and cannot be validated

Question 4

scientific theory

Answer 4

validated by repeatable experiments or data

Question 5

scientific revolution

Answer 5

widely accepted theory proven wrong by new data

Question 6

geology data collection methods

Answer 6

field based observations, remote sensing, lab based observations

Question 7

remote sensing

Answer 7

field based observations from satellite based instruments e.g. radar imaging, GPS

Question 8

radar imaging and volcanic activity

Answer 8

radio waves sent to and from Earth measure the ground deformation which is related to the probability of a volcanic eruption

Question 9

geological map

Answer 9

shows spacial distribution and relative ages of rock