UNDERSTANDING CONDITIONS THAT AFFECT THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Question 1

The two major cardiac-related nursing diagnoses are ?

Answer 1

• decreased cardiac output
• ineffective tissue perfusion

Question 2

Decreased cardiac output refers to?

Answer 2

The amount of blood being pumped by the heart is less than normal.

Question 3

What changes is decreased cardiac output associated with?

Answer 3

preload afterload contractility dysrhythmias.

Question 4

What typical manifestations are seen when decreased cardiac output reflect an inability to maintain sufficient blood flow to meet the body’s needs?

Answer 4

fatigue

oliguria

cyanosis

fluid accumulation

decreased peripheral pulses.

Question 5

What is ineffective tissue perfusion?

Answer 5

decrease in nutrition at a cellular level

decrease oxygenation at the cellular level

deficit in capillary blood flow supply.

Question 6

What are two of the things that cause ineffective tissue perfusion?

Answer 6

-Decrease in nutrition -Decrease in oxygenation (at the cellular level)

Question 7

What deficit will you find in ineffective tissue perfusion?

Answer 7

capillary blood flow supply

Question 8

What is ineffective tissue perfusion associated with?

Answer 8

• interruption of blood flow - decreased cellular exchange - fluid shifts

Question 9

What are the manifestations when there is interruption of blood flow, decrease cellular exchange, and fluid shifts (associated w/ ineffective tissue perfusion)?

Answer 9

pain, skin changes signs of organ necrosis.