umwelt

Question 1

noumena

Answer 1

the world as it is

Question 2

phenomena

Answer 2

the world that we experience

Question 3

umwelt

Answer 3

species specific perceptual phenomena world

Question 4

3 levels of control

Answer 4

1. receptor sensitivity: familiar modalities= hearing
2. salience= labeled line sensory coding, homunculus
3. imposition of order= blind spot, parental recognition

Question 5

olfactory receptors

Answer 5

• g protein coupled rece-ptors

- humans have 6 million receptors

Question 6

vomeronasal

Answer 6

• pheromones: chemical signals that have social function

- animals have separate vomeronasal organ in upper palate

Question 7

taste

Answer 7

• receptors equally spread over tongue
• Na+ for salt
• H+ for sweet
• all other tastes are g protein coupled receptors
• replaced every 1-2 weeks

Question 8

Pathway from tongue to brain

Answer 8

cranial nerves 7 &9 -> Nucleus of solitary tract -> thalamus -> gustatory complex -> hypothalamus
CNTGH

Question 9

pitch

Answer 9

frequency

Question 10

loudness

Answer 10

amplitude

Question 11

otolith

Answer 11

solid pebble that bend hair cells in order to determine where gravity is

Question 12

cochlea

Answer 12

transduction via hammer, anvil and stirrup bones, hair cells and how fine determine frequency

Question 13

basilar membrane

Answer 13

base- stiff at high frequencies

apex- floppy at low frequencies

Question 14

neural coding at low and high frequencies

Answer 14

Low pitch= frequency code
medium pitch= volley code (neuron group code)
high pitch= place coding, uses base of cochlea to read

Question 15

sound transduction with hair cells

Answer 15

depolarization of inner hair cell, release glutamate NT

Question 16

ear to brain

Answer 16

auditory cortex -> medial geniculate -> inferior colliculus

Question 17

olive nucleus

Answer 17

compares left and right to determine where sound is coming from