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Equine Special Topics > Ultrasound of the Equine Abdomen > Flashcards

Ultrasound of the Equine Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

increase probe frequency =

A

lose depth and increase detail

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2
Q

what field/boundaries should you ultrasound for transcutaneous?

A

create a line from the point of the elbow to the tuber coxae and field is below it

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3
Q

List the echogenicity of the spleen, liver and kidney from hypoechoic to hyperechoic.

A

(hypo) Kidney < Liver< Spleen (hyper)

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4
Q

Liver Ultrasound

A

Located at R 6-15th ICS and L 6-9th ICS

The Liver is easiest to see on the R side as its more superficial and if its atrophied in older horses will shift to the right. It should should have sharp margins and a branching vascular pattern.

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5
Q

Spleen Ultrasound

A

Located L 8 ICS to paralumbar fossa against the body wall.

It should have a granular appearance with few blood vessels

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6
Q

Kidney Ultrasound

A

Right Kidney is more cranial and heart shaped located rostral to the paralumbar fossa to ICS 16.

Left Kidney is deep to the spleen and bean shaped located at ICS 16-17 to the dorsal paralumbar fossa

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7
Q

All intestines are __ mm thick

A

3-4mm

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8
Q

The stomach is __ mm thick

A

7.5 mm

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9
Q

a normal diameter of the SI is __

A

5-6 cm

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10
Q

List the layers of the intestines and their attenuation

A

Serosa: hyperechoic
Muscularis: hypoechoic
Submucosa: hyperechoic
Mucosa: hypoechoic

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11
Q

Jejunum on ultrasound

A

Located in the left inguinal area and <3mm thick

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12
Q

Duodenum on ultrasound

A

cranial to the poll of the right kidney and deep to the liver

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13
Q

Ileum thickness

A

4-5 mm

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14
Q

Large colon on ultrasound

A

Its located on both sides of the ventral abdomen. R dorsal colon is at the R 6-15th ICS deep to the liver. The colon has a large diameter and taenial bands

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15
Q

cecum on ultrasound

A

It curves around the base of the large colon on the right side

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16
Q

Stomach on ultrasound

A

Sits on the left side deep to the spleen at ICS 8 -13

17
Q

Small intestines have __ contractions per minute while large intestines have __ contractions per minute

A

Small intestines have 6-15 contractions per minute while large intestines have 2-6 contractions per minute

18
Q

describe what blood looks like on ultrasound

A

blood in any space may not be black bc there are a lot of cells swirling around

19
Q

Strangulating obstruction on ultrasound

A

distended loops, mesentery, and sedimentation (not moving)

20
Q

Enteritis on ultrasound

A

fluid filled SI

21
Q

Nephrosplenic entrapment

A

L dorsal displacement of colon

22
Q

Intussuception

A

multi layer target lesion

23
Q

Large Intestine displacement and volvulus

A

thickened and edematous wall with a displaced colon

Equine Special Topics (10 decks)

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